以經濟面的觀點來看，「兩岸直航」的實施可能藉由對中國大陸的出口貿易，打開當前我國經濟的窘況。在此「物的交流」的牽動下，兩岸間「人的交流」的影響及趨勢，將成為人力資源領域中新一波的研究課題。 本研究針對國內產業界進行有關「兩岸直航」及「兩岸人才交流」的見解調查，其論述重點除探討人才交流與科技人力升級的關聯性外，並試圖為我國科技人力資源培育的瓶頸及困難，提供改善的方向及建言。 藉由本論文的研究及有限問卷的結果顯示，未來在台大陸科技人力的存在性質，可能由「補充性人力」轉型為「替代性人力」；今後除致力提昇本土人才的創新能力、技術水準及競爭力外，政府當局應在單一企業中大陸人力與本土人力的比例上，儘早訂出一套完善的任用措施以為因應。

From the perspective on economy, direct transport service across the Straits may benefit Taiwan’s impoverished economy. Under the goods-exchange circumstances, cross-Straits manpower exchange has inevitably aroused the public’s attention. With the investigation from local industries, this research is mainly focused both on Direct Transport Service and Human Resource Exchange across the Straits. In addition to exploring the correlation between scientific manpower exchange and human resource advancement, tremendous efforts are put in an attempt to provide illuminating insights into the availability of scientific manpower in Taiwan. Based on the research, chances are that Mainland China’s scientific manpower in Taiwan will transform from Complements of Manpower to Alternative Manpower. Therefore, besides strengthening innovative capability, performance and competitiveness of local scientific manpower, our government should develop effective measures to allocate reasonable proportion of Mainland and local manpower in the enterprise.