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題名：全身振動暴露評估之回顧
書刊名：勞工安全衛生研究季刊
作者：張銘坤／盧士一 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chang, Ming-kuen／Lu, Shih-yi
出版日期：2008
卷期：16:2
頁次：頁152-163
主題關鍵詞：全身振動；人體振動；振動暴露評估；背部傷病；Whole body vibration；Human vibration；Vibration exposure evaluation；Back injury
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 點閱點閱:56
全身振動通常是透過支撐系統將機械振動的能量傳至整個身體，例如座位或平台。典型的暴露包括駕駛汽車或貨車，以及操作工業車輛。背部的傷病可由車輛或機械振動經由座位傳入駕駛者的身體所引起。全身振動亦可經過車體或機械平台由足部進入操作者。全身振動與背部傷病有所關聯，儘管其影響程度的問題以及其他原因影響的程度，仍存有疑問之處。一些國際標準已定義量測與評估全身振動的方法，並提出極限值，但缺少劑量－反應的關係。歐盟會議在2002年6月決議，公佈名為“最低的健康與安全要求＂對暴露於全身振動危害的勞工保護指令，要求其成員應於2005年7月前依據該指令制定成為法令。本研究回顧就目前所了解人體暴露於全身振動的量測與評估摘錄了一些結果，希望本研究內容對於思考在法令層面預防全身振動危害能有些許幫助。我們可能應將一些經常駕駛與操控振動設備者視為暴露於危害風險的勞工，假如員工覺得其暴露於全身振動的危害，鼓勵員工早期發現背部不舒適的症狀，並尋求醫療協助。雇主應儘量提供經設計並調校到最小全身振動暴露量的設備給員工使用，雇主如想要作振動的測定，可由振動專業人員與工業衛生人員完成，並提供降低振動的必要建議。
Whole body vibration (WBV) refers to energy from mechanical oscillations transferred to the body as a whole, usually through a supporting system such as a seat or platform. Exposure can occur while driving automobiles or trucks and operating industrial vehicles. The vibrations typically pass through the seat and into the driver's body or through the feet via the platform of a vehicle or machine. WBV has been associated with back disorders; however, the extent of this problem in industry and the extent to which other disorders may also develop are controversial. Some international standards have defined means of measuring and evaluating WBV and offered “limits”, but there are no dose-response relations. The Directive, published in June 2002, defines “the minimum health and safety requirements” for the exposure of workers to risks arising from vibration. Member States of the European Union must enact laws to comply with the Directive by July 2005. This review summarizes the current understanding of the measurement and evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration. It is hoped that the contents of this review will be of some assistance to those considering the prevention of WBV hazards within the context of national laws. It should be assumed that workers who regularly drive or operate industrial vehicles are at risk. Employees should be encouraged to report symptoms early and seek medical advice, if they believe they are being harmed by exposure to WBV. The health risks from WBV need to be assessed and appropriate strategies used to control those risks. Equipment should be designed or adapted to minimize WBV. Employers may want to arrange for vibration levels to be measured by a vibration expert or industrial hygienist, who can also make the necessary recommendations for reducing vibration.
期刊論文
1.Seidel, H.、Heide, R.(1986)。Long-term effects of whole-body vibration: A critical survey of the literature。International Archive of Occupational and Environment Health，58，1-26。  new window
2.Wilder, D.、Pope, M.(1996)。Epidemiological and etiological aspects of low back pain in vibration environments-an update。Clinical Biomechanics，11，61-73。  new window
3.Kelsey, L.、Githens, B.、O'Conner, T.(1984)。Acute prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc: an epidemiological study with special reference to driving automobiles and cigarette smoking。Spine，9，608-613。  new window
4.Wasserman, D.、Wilder, D.、Pope, M.(1997)。Wholebody vibration and occupational work hardening。JOEM，39，403-407。  new window
5.Johanning, E.、Wilder, D. G.、Landrigan, P. J.、Pope, M. H.(1991)。Whole-body vibration exposure in subway cars and review of adverse health effects。J Occup Med，33，605-612。  new window
6.Pope, M. H.、Wilder, D. G.、Magnusson, M.(1998)。Possible mechanism of low back pain due to whole-body vibration。Journal Sound and Vibration，215，687-697。  new window
7.Hulshof, C. T. J.、van Zanten, B. V.(1987)。Whole-body vibration and low back pain-- a review of epidemiological studies。International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health，59，205-220。  new window
8.Winkleby, M. A.、Ragland, D. R.、Fisher, J. M.、Syme, S. L.(1988)。Excess risk of sickness and synthesis of epidemiological studies。Int J Epidemiol，17，255-262。  new window
9.Behrens, V.、Seligman, P.、Cameron, L.(1994)。The prevalence of back pain, and hand discomfort, and dermatitis in the US working population。Am J Public Health，84，1780-1785。  new window
10.Lings, S.、Leboeuf-Yde, C.(body)。Whole-body vibration and low back pain: a systematic, critical review of the epidemiological literature. 1992-1999。Int Arch Occup Environ Health，73，290-297。  new window
11.Panjabi, M. M.、Anderson, G. B. J.、Jorneus, L.(1986)。In vivo measurement of spinal column vibration。J Bone and Joint Surgery，68，695-703。  new window
12.Hulshof, C. T. J.、Van Der Laan, G.、Braam, I. T. J.、Verbeek, J. H. A. M.(2002)。The fate of Mrs. Robinson: Criteria for recognition of whole-body vibration injury as an occupational disease。Journal of Sound and Vibration，253，185-194。  new window
13.Jonsson, P.、Johansson, O.(2004)。Prediction of vehicle discomfort from transient vibrations。Journal of Sound and Vibration，282，1043-1064。  new window
14.Dryver, R. H.、Xiangdong, Z.(2000)。Wholebody shock and vibration: frequency and amplitude dependence of comfort。Journal of Sound and vibration，230，964-970。  new window
15.Jarvholm, B.、Lundstrom, R.、Malchau, H.、Rehn, B.、Vingard, E.(2004)。Osteoarthritis in the hip and whole-body vibration in heavy vehicles。Int Arch Occup Environ Health，77，59-64。  new window
16.Videman, T.、Simonen, R.、Usenius, J. P.、Osterman, K.、Battie, M. C.(2000)。The long-term effects of rally driving on spinal pathology。Clinical Biomechanics，15，83-86。  new window
17.Maeda, S.、Morioka, M.(1998)。Measurement of whole-body vibration exposure from garbage trucks。Journal of Sound and Vibration，215，959-964。  new window
18.Funakoshi, M.、Taoda, K.、Tsujimura, H.、Nishiyama, K.(2004)。Measurement of wholebody vibration in taxi drivers。Journal of Occupational Health，46，119-124。  new window
19.Muzammil, M.、Siddiqui, S. S.、Hasan, F.(2004)。Physiological effect of vibrations on tractor drivers under variable ploughing conditions。Journal of Occupational Health，46，403-409。  new window
20.Goglia, V.、Grbac, I.(2005)。Whole-body vibration transmitted to the framesaw operator。Applied Ergonomics，36，43-48。  new window
21.Nishiyama, K.、Taoda, K.、Kitahara, T.(1998)。A decade of improvement in whole-body vibration and low back pain for freight container tractor drivers。Journal of Sound and Vibration，215，635-642。  new window
22.Nihat, O.、David, G.、Bernardus, W.(1997)。Effect of subway car design on vibration exposure。International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics，19，377-385。  new window
23.Eckardt, J.、Siegfried, F.、Eberhard, C.、Benno, G.、Paul, L.(2002)。Whole-Body Vibration Exposure Studyin US Railroad Locomotives-An Ergonomic Risk Assessment。AIHA Journal，63，439-446。  new window
24.Rehn, B.、Bergdahl, I. A.、Ahlgren, C.、Form, C.、Jarvholm, B.、Lundstrom, R.、Nilsson, T.(2002)。Musculoskeletal symptoms among drivers of all-terrain vehicles。Journal of Sound and Vibration，253，21-29。  new window
25.Hampel, G. A.、Chang, W. R.(1999)。Body height change from motor vehicle vibration。International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics，23，489-498。  new window
26.Mansfield, N. J.、Griffin, M. J.(2002)。Effects of posture and vibration magnitude on apparent mass and pelvis rotation during exposure to whole-body vertical vibration。Journal of Sound and Vibration，253，93-107。  new window
27.Donati, P.(1998)。A procedure for developing a vibration test method for specific categories of industrial trucks。Journal of Sound and Vibration，215，947-957。  new window
28.Bongers, P. M.、Boshuizen, H. C.、Hulshof, C. T. J.、Koemeester, A. P.(1988)。Back disorders in crane operators exposed to whole-body vibration。Int Arch Occup Environ Health，60，129-137。  new window
29.Bongers, P. M.、Boshuizen, H. C.、Hulshof, C. T. J.、Koemeester, A. P.(1988)。Long-term sickness absence due to back disorders in crane operators exposed to whole-body vibration。Int Arch Occup Environ Health，61，59-64。  new window
30.Jang, Han-Kee、Kook, Du-Yoon(2004)。Objective measurement of the start-motion quality of a forklift truck。Applied Ergonomics，35，467-473。  new window
31.Malchaire, J.、Piette, A.、Mullier, I.(1996)。Vibration exposure on fork-lift trucks。Annals of Occupational Hygiene，40，79-91。  new window
32.Liu, Y. W.、Yen, W. Y.、Lu, S. Y.(2002)。The Investigation of Whole Body Vibration Exposure for Container Tractor。Drivers, Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Journal，10，304-314。  new window
33.Martin, F.(1999)。Description of the relation between the forces acting in the lumbar spine and whole-body vibrations by means of transfer functions。Clinical Biomechanics，15，234-240。  new window
34.Lundstrom, R.、Holmlund, P.(1998)。Absorption of energy during whole-body vibration exposure。Journal of Sound and Vibration，215，789-799。  new window
35.Lewis, C. H.、Griffin, M. J.(1998)。A comparison of evaluations and assessments obtained using alternative standards for predicting the hazards of whole-body vibration and repeated shocks。Journal of Sound and Vibration，215，915-926。  new window
36.Paddan, G. S.、Griffin, M. J.(2002)。Evaluation of whole-body vibration in vehicles。Journal of Sound and Vibration，253，195-213。  new window
學位論文
1.Liu, Y. K.(1992)。The measurement & evaluation of whole body vibration (WBV) and the health effects of WBV on bus drivers(碩士論文)。China Medical University。  new window
2.Ye, Q. Z.(2005)。The measurement and evaluation of health risks on whole-body vibration of Oil tank lorry drivers(碩士論文)。National Yunlin University of Science and Technology。  new window
圖書
1.Tai, C. F.、Yang, S. C,、Yen, W. Y.(2001)。Survey of Employees' Perceptions of Safety and Health in the Work Environment in。Taiwan：Taiwan, IOSH。  new window
2.Yen, W. Y.、Liu, Y. W.、Lu, S. Y.(2002)。A study on whole-body vibration of forklift truck drivers and control strategy。Institute of Occupational Safety and Health：Council of Labor, Executive yuan。  new window
3.Liu, C. C.、Chang, T. C.(2002)。Automobile vibration and noise。Taipei：Wun Ching Publishing Group。  new window
4.He, X. C.、Liu, Y. W.(2000)。Technical manual for vibration hazard prevention。Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor, Executive Yuan。  new window
5.Yen, W. Y.(2000)。Development of Handbook For Vibration Hazard Prevention。Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor, Executive Yuan。  new window
6.Liu, Y. W.、Ho, S. M.、Lu, S. Y.(2005)。A preliminary investigation on whole body vibration and noise exposure of the construction machine operators。Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor, Executive Yuan。  new window
7.Lu, S. Y.、Ho, S. M.、Liu, Y. W.、He, X. C.(2003)。A comparison of evaluations obtained using alternative standards for predicting the hazard of whole-body vibration。Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Council of Labor, Executive Yuan。  new window
8.Sanders, Mark S.、McCormick, Ernest J.(1993)。Human Factors in Engineering and Design。McGraw-Hill。  new window
 
 
 
 
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