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題名:重鑄紅色天平:中國司法改革的政治邏輯及其對法治的影響
書刊名:政治科學論叢
作者:陳至潔 引用關係
作者(外文):Chen, Titus C.
出版日期:2010
卷期:45
頁次:頁69-105
主題關鍵詞:中國司法政治司法改革司法集權化司法專業化司法獨立不對稱權力關係維權運動ChinaJudicial politicsRule-based governanceJudicial reformJudicial professionalizationJudicial independenceAsymmetric power relationsRights defending movement
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  • 點閱點閱:31
中國的法院目前出現了相互衝突的現象:一方面,法官的法律專業程度不斷改善、各級法院行政制度持續革新,保障人權與法治也被正式寫入憲法。但另一方面,中國國家領導人卻重新要求法官必須對共黨保有政治忠誠度,司法獨立的主張不可影響政治穩定,以及中國內地增加許多以司法手段壓制人權實踐的案例。本文針對中國司法政治的矛盾,提出一個以國家為中心的命題:衝突現象的發生,是因為中國自一九九九年之後,加強了中央的司法權力,但司法改革卻無法制衡地方政權與利益攸關部門,在關鍵領域的抵抗。由於司法系統的建議,中國國家領導人在一九九○年代中期接受了依法治國-也就是以規則為基礎的公共治理模式,主要是為了政經權力的再集權化,並藉由支持最高人民法院主導的審判專業化與司法制度革新,來達成司法集權化的目的。但國家領導對不同領域的司法改革所持的差別性態度卻造成了失衡的改革效果,也使司法集權化進程受挫。為了確保該目標的完成,中央政府自二○○六年開始,在既有的司法改革框架中,加入了與原先的改革理念及實踐路徑明顯不同、較為威權保守的做法與方向,導致司法改革擺盪在專業表現的要求與政治忠誠的期待之間。概念的不協調導致行動的不一致,矛盾的司法現象由是浮現,也明顯限制了體制內的人權發展。
The article seeks to explain some contradictions that have arisen in China’s judicial reform. I argue that these problems came about because the post-1999 judicial reform has failed to rein in local and departmental resistance in key issue areas. In principal, the Chinese leadership has accepted the judicial system’s policy prescription of administering the country by law, with the aim of reclaiming central control over local state agents. However, the national leadership’s varying political support for different aspects of judicial reform has resulted in uneven outcomes and frustrated the goal of judicial centralization. Since 2006, the national leadership has reinstituted authoritarian policy imperatives into the existing liberal framework of judicial reform. China’s post-1999 judicial reform has therefore oscillated between merit-based professionalism and allegiance-oriented demands. Conceptual incompatibility eventually led to behavioral contradictions and delivered mixed signals regarding the leadership’s intentions.
期刊論文
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會議論文
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2.楊鴻台(2007)。〈轉軌時期的反腐敗立法思考〉。香港。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
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3.Schulte-Kulkmann, Nicole、Sebastian Heilmann.(2005)。China Legal Cooperation – Part III: An Overview of Private American-Chinese Legal Cooperation Programs。Trier, Germany。  new window
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學位論文
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圖書
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2.Pei, Minxin(2006)。China’s Trapped Transition: The Limits of Developmental Autocracy。Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press。  new window
3.朱景文(2007)。中國法律發展報告 : 數據庫和指標體系。北京:中國人民大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.Peerenboom, Randall(2002)。China's Long March toward the Rule of Law。New York:Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Wedeman, Andrew H.(2003)。From Mao to Market: Rent Seeking, Local Protectionism and Marketization in China。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
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7.Liang, Bin.(2008)。The Changing Chinese Legal System, 1978-Present: Centralization of Power and Rationalization of the Legal System。London:。  new window
8.Naughton, Barry and Dali L. Yang.(2004)。“Holding China Together:Introduction.”。Holding China Together: Diversity and NationalIntegration in the Post-Deng Era。Cambridge:。  new window
9.Peerenboom, Randall.(2004)。“Competing Conceptions of Rule of Law in China.”。Asian Discourses of Rule of Law: Theories and Implementation of Rule of Law in Twelve Asian Countries。London:。  new window
10.Piquet, Helene.(2008)。“Chinese Labor Law in Retrospect: Efficiency andFlexibility Legitimized.”。The Chinese Party-State in the 21st Century: Adaptation and the Reinvention of Legitimacy。London:。  new window
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12.Thomas.(200)。CRS Report to Congress: U.S. Foreign Aid to Eastand South Asia: Selected Recipients。Washington, DC:。  new window
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15.左衛民(2005)。〈法院制度現代化與法院制度改革〉。《改革司法:中國司法改革的回顧與前瞻》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
16.田文昌、陳瑞華編(2007)。《〈中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法〉再修改律師建議稿與論證》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
17.江澤民(1997)。〈十四屆二中全會的工作報告(一九九三年三月七日)〉。十四大以來重要文件選編。北京。  延伸查詢new window
18.江澤民(1997)。〈正確處理社會主義現代化過程中的若干重大關係(一九九五年九月二十八日)〉。十四大以來重要文件選編。北京。  延伸查詢new window
19.江澤民(2000)。〈高舉鄧小平理論偉大旗幟,把建設有中國特色社會主義事業全面推向二十一世紀(一九九七年九月十二日)〉。十五大以來重要文件選編。北京。  延伸查詢new window
20.祝銘山(2000)。〈關於人民法院五年改革綱要的說明〉。中國法律年鑑 2000。北京。  延伸查詢new window
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23.張明杰編(2005)。《改革司法:中國司法改革的回顧與前瞻》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
24.陳光中編(2005)。《〈公民權利與政治權利國際公約〉與我國刑事訴訟》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
25.陳欣新(2005)。〈中國語境的司法獨立〉。《改革司法:中國司法改革的回顧與前瞻》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
26.喬 石(1997)。〈努力建立社會主義市場經濟法律體系(一九九三年七月二日)〉。《十四大以來重要文件選編》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
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29.賀衛方(2005)。〈中國法院組織法的修改與司法獨立〉。Washington, DC。  延伸查詢new window
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圖書論文
1.Yang, Dali L.(2004)。Economic Transformation and State Rebuilding in China。Holding China Together: Diversity and National Integration in the Post-Deng Era。Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Landry, Pierre F.(2008)。The Institutional Diffusion of Courts in China: Evidence from Survey Data。Rule by Law: the Politics of Courtsin Authoritarian Regimes。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
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