Purpose: For the purpose of related research and development of physical education, we compared and studied the differences of health physical fitness of the freshmen in Hsiuping Institute of Technology from academic year 93 to 97. Method: Participants are 4825 (Male:3129, Female: 1696) freshmen in Hsiuping Institute of Technology from academic year 93 to 97. Data analyzed by one-way ANOVA of SPSS 12.0 to compared four health physical fitness items and were considered significant at α = .05. Result: First, compare to health physical fitness norm of students in Taiwan. The average BMI is located between 19.7~25.2, which is within the ideal range. But the scores of cardio-respiratory endurance, anaerobic power and flexibility are below average. Only the score of muscular endurance is above the health physical fitness norm of students in Taiwan. Second, compare the four health physical fitness items among each age group. The result indicated that the differences among male of 18(F=9.18*), 19 (F=6.78*) and 20 years old (F=3.89*)and female of 18(F=*18.75) and 19 years old (F=3.35*) are significant in cardio-respiratory endurance; The differences among male of 18 (F=32.21*), 19 years old (F=16.93*) and female of 18(F=31.43*), 19 years old (F=11.99*) are significant in Muscular endurance; The differences among male of 18 (F=5.75*), 19 years old (F=4.51*) and female of 18 (F=4.87*), 19 years old (F=4.50*) are significant in Anaerobic Power; The differences of male of 18 years old(F=7.35*)are significant in flexibility. Conclusion: The data indicated that cardio-respiratory endurance of male and female is gradually decline by age, we should reinforce the arrangement of the program and exercise training toward cardio-respiratory endurance; on the contrary, muscular endurance make progress every year, we need to maintain and reinforce training to reach a higher level.