經濟高度發展的現代國家，在面對當前全球氣候變遷、恐怖襲擊陰影籠罩之變局下，無不競相建立專業化之防救災系統，以降低各項天然及人為災害對社會安全的威脅以及對國家競爭力的損害。臺北與北京兩市，同向美、日等國取法而建立自身之防救災系統。本文將針對兩市防救災體系之制度設計部分進行分析與比較，從治理面的角度出發，觀察兩市防救災體系受其政治體制與政經社會環境因素影響下，各自呈現出的特色及其運作成效，以瞭解政治體制與經社環境等變項，對制度運作所可能形成之影響。

Facing the crisis of climate change and terrorist attack, modern governments pursue to enhance their emergency management ability and try to establish efficient mechanisms which could lower the damage caused by natural and human hazards.Borrowing ideas from the U.S.'s and Japan's experiences, Taipei and Beijing city create their emergency management systems in recent decades. In this research, we use governance theories to analyze and to compare these two systems in order to find out how different variables such as political institutions and social-economic environment have impacts upon the performance of these two systems.