As Cambodia developed toward a market-oriented economy, the marketization of its higher education allowed the establishment of private higher education institutions in 1997. As a whole, marketization of higher education in Cambodia exhibit four specific characteristics. It include: (1)resulted in the removal of government monopoly in education and encouragement of higher education privatization; (2)increased school autonomy which shaped diversification in higher education; (3)facilitation in higher education competition from relevant measure designs ; and (4)establishment of evaluation and quality control system to ensure the quality and efficiency of higher education. However, the government of Cambodia lacked a comprehensive plan and goal for the marketization of higher education and was unable to efficiently control quality and supervise private higher education. Therefore, the reform was not only unable to resolve traditional higher education issues, but also failed to be a managing mechanism during marketization. As a result, the outcomes of Cambodia higher education marketization were widened educational gap between urban and rural areas, unbalanced development of higher education departments. Marketization of higher education in Cambodia also affected performance of education quality due to poor competition and quality regulations.