本研究主要目的在探討國小高年級學童之體適能對學業表現之影響。本研究以桃園縣某國小高年級學童為研究對象，進行體適能檢測，並分析其七大學習領域之學業表現，共有504位學童參與，所得之資料以SPSS 19 for windows統計套裝軟體中文版為工具，進行描述性統計、相關分析、迴歸分析後得到結論：一、國小高年級男生之體適能表現除坐姿體前彎外，其餘均優於國小高年級女生。二、國小高年級學童之坐姿體前彎、立定跳遠、仰臥起坐、心肺適能表現越好，學業表現就越好。三、坐姿體前彎、心肺適能對各學習領域構面均達預測效果；仰臥起坐對健康與體育、綜合領域有預測效果；立定跳遠僅對健康與體育領域正向預測效果。本研究根據結果提出建議，希望提供學校、教育相關單位及未來研究者參考。

This research is mainly aimed to explore the influence on the academic performance wielded by the fitness of the 5th and 6th graders of an elementary school. The research is focused on the 5th and 6th graders of an elementary school as experimental subjects to conduct fitness tests. Also, the academic performance of 7 major learning fields is analyzed through the involvement of totally 504 school children. All the data obtained are analyzed by Chinese Version SPSS 19 for Windows with the results of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis concluded as below. 1. Except the posture of sitting before bodies, all the fitness items of the 5th and 5th male graders of elementary school children are better than those of female counterparts. 2. Among the 5th and 5th graders of elementary school, those with better physical performance in the postures of sitting before bodies, standing long jump, sit-ups and cardio fitness can also bring with better academic performance. 3. The physical performance on the postures of sitting before bodies and cardio fitness can bring with expected prediction results in every learning dimension; sit-ups bring with expected results to the fields of health, physical education and comprehensive fields. Standing long jump can only bring with positive prediction effect to the fields of health and physical education. Herein, research results are proposed hopefully with the reference available for the upcoming research effort made by schools and relevant education departments.