我國雖主張擁有全部南沙群島的主權，但其中許多島礁已被他國或中共所占據，卻也是不爭的事實。本文藉由分析國際法庭於1990年後做出的有關領土主權判決之案例，並從中挑選「1992年薩爾瓦多及宏都拉斯《陸地、島嶼和海洋邊界案》」、「2002年馬來西亞與印尼《黎吉丹島及錫巴淡島主權歸屬案》」、「2008年馬來西亞及新加坡《白礁主權案》」及「2012年尼加拉瓜與哥倫比亞《領土與海洋爭議案》」等四案，從中整理出國際法庭判決時所採納的要件原則，並藉此檢視我國南沙群島的主權主張，以提供相關建言。

Although the ROC's insistence on claiming sovereignty over Nansha (Spratly) Islands, in fact, it can not be ignored that some islands have been occupied by other claimants. This paper analyzes those International Court of Justice (ICJ) judgments corresponding to sovereignty disputes after 1990's, and selects“Land, Island and Maritime Frontier Dispute. El Sal./Hond.: Nicar.＂of year 1992,“Sovereignty over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan. Indon. v. Malay.＂of year 2002,“Sovereignty Over Pedra Brance/Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge. Malay. v. Sing.＂of year 2008, and“Territorial and Maritime Dispute. Nicara. v. Colom.＂of year 2012, to examine the critical elements adopted by international court of justice. With those critical elements this paper also reviews the current sovereignty claims of R.O.C over Nansha Islands and provides some useful suggestions in that sense.