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題名：英語閱讀：有效的理解策略教學活動
書刊名：國立彰化師範大學文學院學報
作者：沈富源 引用關係
作者(外文)：Shen, Fu-yuan
出版日期：2014
卷期：9
頁次：頁61-81
主題關鍵詞：文本理解教學；改寫練習；互動式教學；文本結構認知；聽講活動；合作式策略性閱讀；Text comprehension instruction；Paraphrasing；Reciprocal teaching；Text structure awareness；Speaking and listening activities；Collaborative strategic reading
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文本理解教學（text comprehension instruction）藉著教導閱讀理解策略，增進學生文本理解的能力。思慮愈精熟的讀者，愈會善用各種理解策略來面對閱讀的挑戰；反之，閱讀不佳者則是因為不懂運用理解策略，所以無法克服理解上的困難。本文的主旨是，探討如何設計有效的理解策略教學活動。論文首先簡要說明美國全國閱讀研究小組（National Reading Panel）所提出的理解策略，及其在閱讀教學的重要性，並且討論教學活動設計的基本原則。然後，本文分別介紹改寫練習（paraphrasing）、互動式教學（reciprocal teaching）、教導故事結構認知（teaching narrative text structureawareness）、促進閱讀理解的聽講活動（speaking and listening activities）、合作式策略性閱讀（Collaborative Strategic Reading, CSR）等教學活動。這些教學活動可以實施在一般的閱讀課上，增進學生的英語閱讀理解能力。
Text comprehension instruction aims to improve students' reading comprehension by teaching them comprehension strategies. Proficient readers employ multiple comprehension strategies to meet the challenges in reading; on the other hand, struggling readers have no idea of making use of comprehension strategies, thus being unable to overcome reading difficulties. The main purpose of this article is to explore how to design effective strategy instruction. The study first identifies the comprehension strategies proposed by the National Reading Panel, addresses their importance in reading teaching, and discusses the basic principles of creating teaching activities. Subsequently several teaching activities are introduced, e.g. paraphrasing, reciprocal teaching, teaching narrative text structure awareness, speaking and listening activities, and Collaborative Strategic Reading. These instructional activities can be applied in the reading class to enhance students' text comprehension ability.
期刊論文
1.Anstey, M.、Freebody, P.(1997)。The effects of various prereading activities on children's literal and inferential comprehension。Reading Psychology，8(3)，189-209。  new window
2.Ash, G. E.(2005)。What did Abigail mean?。Educational Leadership，63(2)，36-41。  new window
3.Bakken, J. P.、Mastropieri, M. A.、Scruggs, T. E.(1997)。Reading comprehension of expository science material and students with learning disabilities: A comparison of strategies。Journal of Special Education，31(3)，300-324。  new window
4.Baumann, J. F.、Bergeron, B. S.(1993)。Story map instruction using children's literature: Effects on first graders' comprehension of central narrative elements。Journal of Reading Behavior，25(4)，407-437。  new window
5.Dymock, S.(2007)。Comprehension strategy instruction: Teaching narrative text structure awareness。The Reading Teacher，61(2)，161-167。  new window
6.Ellis, E. S.、Graves, A. W.(1990)。Teaching rural students with learning disabilities: A paraphrasing strategy to increase comprehension of main ideas。Rural Special Education Quarterly，70(2)，2-10。  new window
7.Garcia, E. E.、Jensen, B. T.、Scribner, K. P.(2009)。The demographic imperative。Educational Leadership，66(1)，8-13。  new window
8.Goodman, A.(2005)。The middle school high five: Strategies can triumph。Voices From the Middle，13(2)，12-19。  new window
9.Kelly, M.、Moore, D. W.、Tuck, B. F.(2001)。Reciprocal teaching in a regular primary classroom。The Journal of Educational Research，88(1)，53-61。  new window
10.Kincade, K. M.、Beach, S. A.(1996)。Improving reading comprehension through strategy instruction。Reading Psychology: An International Quarterly，17(3)，273-281。  new window
11.Kletzien, S. B.(2009)。Paraphrasing: An effective comprehension strategy。The Reading Teacher，63(1)，73-77。  new window
12.Klingner, J. K.、Vaughn, S.(1999)。Promoting reading comprehension, content learning, and English acquisition through Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR)。The Reading Teacher，52(7)，738-747。  new window
13.Lenski, S. D.、Nierstheimer, S. L.(2002)。Strategy instruction from a sociocognitive perspective。Reading Psychology，23(2)，127-143。  new window
14.Mills, K. A.(2009)。Floating on a sea of talk: Reading comprehension through speaking and listening。The Reading Teacher，63(4)，325-329。  new window
15.Palincsar, A. S.、Brown, A. L.(1986)。Interactive teaching to promote independent learning from text。The Reading Teacher，39(8)，771-777。  new window
16.Pilonieta, P.、Medina, A. L.(2009)。Reciprocal teaching for the primary grades: "We can do it, too!"。The Reading Teacher，63(2)，120-129。  new window
17.Pressley, M.(2001)。Comprehension instruction: What makes sense now, what might make sense soo。Reading Online，5(2)。  new window
18.Pressley, M.、Wharton-McDonald, R.、Mistretta-Hampston, J. M.、Echevarria, M.(1998)。Literacy instruction in 10 fourth-and fifth-grade classrooms in upstate New York。Scientific Studies of Reading，2(2)，159-194。  new window
19.Stricklin, K.(2011)。Hands-on reciprocal teaching: A comprehension technique。The Reading Teacher，64(8)，620-625。  new window
20.Taylor, B. M.、Peterson, D. S.、Pearson, P. D.、Rodriguez, M. C.(2002)。Looking inside classrooms: Reflecting on the "how" as well as the "what" in effective reading instruction。The Reading Teacher，56(3)，270-279。  new window
21.Klingner, J. K.、Vaughn, S.、Schumm, J. S.(1998)。Collaborative strategic reading during social studies in heterogeneous fourth-grade classrooms。The Elementary School Journal，99(1)，3-22。  new window
22.Shen, F. Y.(2013)。Using group discussion with Taiwan's EFL college students: A comparison of comprehension instruction for book club, literature circles, and instructional conversations。English Language Teaching，6(12)，58-78。  new window
23.Dole, Janice A.、Duffy, Gerald G.、Roehler, Laura R.、Pearson, P. David(1991)。Moving from the Old to the New: Research on Reading Comprehension Instruction。Review of Educational Research，61(2)，239-264。  new window
24.Spörer, Nadine、Brunstein, Joachim C.、Kieschke, Ulf(2009)。Improving students' reading comprehension skills: Effects of strategy instruction and reciprocal teaching。Learning and Instruction，19(3)，272-286。  new window
25.Palincsar, A. S.、Brown, A. L.(1984)。Reciprocal teaching of comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities。Cognition and Instruction，1(2)，117-175。  new window
會議論文
1.Chang, J.、Shimizu, W.(1997)。Collaborative strategic reading: Cross-age and cross-cultural applications。Council for Exceptional Children Symposium on Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Exceptional Learners。New Orleans, LA。  new window
2.Klingner, J. K.(1997)。Promoting English acquisition and content learning through collaborative strategic reading。Annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association。Chicago。  new window
3.Shen, F.-Y.(2005)。Enabling higher-level thinking process in ESL reading: An examination of three instructional approaches。23rd Conference on English Teaching and Learning in the Republic of China。Taipei, Taiwan：Crane Publishing。249-264。  new window
研究報告
1.National Institute of Child Health and Human Development、Panel, N. R.(2000)。Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction。Washington, DC：U.S. Government Printing Office。  new window
圖書
1.Daniels, H.(2002)。Literature circles: Voice and choice in book clubs and reading groups。Portland, ME：Stenhouse Publishers。  new window
2.Armbruster, B. B.、Lehr, F.、Osbome, J. M.(2001)。Put reading first: The research building blocks for teaching children to read。Washington, DC：The National Institute for Literacy。  new window
3.Block, C. C.、Pressley, M.(2002)。Comprehension instruction: Research-based best practices。New York：Guilford。  new window
4.Calfee, R. C.、Patrick, C. L.(1995)。Teach our children well: Bringing K-12 education into the 21st century。Stanford, CA：Stanford Alumni。  new window
5.Dymock, S. J.、Nicholson, T.(1999)。Reading comprehension: What is it? How do you teach it?。Wellington：New Zealand Council for Educational Research。  new window
6.Guerrero, A. M.(2003)。Visualization and reading comprehension。San Marcos：Southwest Texas State University。  new window
7.Houk, R.(1995)。Wolves in yellowstone。Fairfield, CT：The Benefactory Inc。  new window
8.Keene, E. O.、Zimmermann, S.(2007)。Mosaic of thought: The power of comprehension strategy instruction。Portsmouth, NH：Heinemann Educational Books。  new window
9.McMahon, S. I.、Raphael, K. H.(1997)。The book club connection: Literacy learning and classroom talk。New York：Teachers College Press。  new window
10.Oczkus, L. D.(2010)。Reciprocal teaching at work: Powerful strategies and lessons for improving reading comprehension。Newark, DE：International Reading Association。  new window
11.Seuss, D.(1971)。The Lorax。New York：Random House。  new window
12.Shen, F.-Y.(2012)。Interactive Strategic Discussion (ISD) about literature: Promoting high-level reading comprehension and enhancing literary appreciation in EFL classrooms。Saarbrucken, Germany：Lambert Academic Publishing。  new window
13.Sweet, A. P.、Snow, C. E.(2003)。Rethinking reading comprehension。New York：Guilford。  new window
14.Tharp, R.、Gallimore, R.(1991)。The instructional conversation: Teaching and learning in social activity。Santa Cruz, CA：The National Center for Research on Cultural Diversity and Second Language Learning, University of California, Santa Cruz。  new window
15.Trehearne, M. P.(2006)。Comprehensive literacy resource for grades 3-6 teachers。Vemon Hills：ETA/Cuisenaire。  new window
16.August, D.、Shanahan, T.(2006)。Executive Summary of Developing Literacy in Second-Language Learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language Minority Children and Youth。Mahwah, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
17.Paivio, A.、Sadoski, M.(2001)。Imagery and text: A dual coding theory of reading and writing。Mahwah, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
18.Rayner, K.、Pollatsek, A.(1989)。The psychology of reading。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice Hall。  new window
19.Snow, C. E.(2002)。Reading for understanding: Toward an R&D program in reading comprehension。Santa Monica, CA：RAND Corporation。  new window
20.Pressley, Michael(2006)。Reading instruction that works: The case for balanced teaching。New York：Guilford Press。  new window
21.Kintsch, Walter(1998)。Comprehension: A paradigm for cognition。Cambridge University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Gaskins, I. W.(2003)。Taking charge of reader, text, activity, and content variables。Rethinking reading comprehension。New York：Guilford。  new window
2.Paris, S. G.、Wasik, B. A.、Turner, J. C.(1991)。The development of strategic readers。Handbook of Reading Research。New York：Longman。  new window
3.Roehler, L. R.、Duffy, G. G.(1984)。Direct explanation of comprehension processes。Comprehension instruction: Perspectives and suggestions。New York：Longman。  new window
4.Schumaker, J. B.、Dreshler, D. D.(1992)。Validation of learning strategy interventions for students with LD: Results of a programmatic research effort。Contemporary intervention research in literacy disabilities: An international perspective。New York：Springer-Verlag。  new window
5.Short, K.(1995)。Foreword。Literature circles and responses。Norwood, MA：Christopher-Gordon。  new window
6.Duke, N. K.、Pearson, P. D.(2002)。Effective Practices for Developing Reading Comprehension。What research has to say about reading instruction。International Reading Association。  new window
7.Pearson, P. D.、Fielding, L.(1991)。Comprehension instruction。Handbook of reading research。Longman。  new window
 
 
 
 
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