Revisiting the Relationship between Visual Functions and Reading Difficulty: A Large Sample Perspective_

:::

詳目顯示

第 1 筆 / 總合 1 筆

/1頁

來源文獻資料
摘要
外文摘要
引文資料

題名：	Revisiting the Relationship between Visual Functions and Reading Difficulty: A Large Sample Perspective
書刊名：	中華心理學刊
作者：	龔俊嘉／林源欽／葉丁瑞
作者(外文)：	Kung, Chun-chia／Lin, Yuan-chin／Yeh, Ding-ruey
出版日期：	2016
卷期：	58:1
頁次：	頁45-62
主題關鍵詞：	對比敏感度測驗；點協調性作業；發展性閱讀困難；巨細胞缺損假說；Contrast sensitivity test；Dot-coherence test；Developmental dyslexia；Magnocellular hypothesis
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:9 點閱:21

在閱讀障礙的解釋假說裡，有一主張特定型態（主要是視覺型）的閱讀困難者，其大腦裡的特定皮質下區域─側膝核的巨細胞─缺損假說，目前仍是頗具爭議。其中的一些早期支持證據，也就是利用特定作業表現的閱讀困難vs.正常組的差異，來當做支持「對比敏感度作業可用來鑑別閱讀困難程度」的證據─被認為是忽略了閱讀困難的發生率與特定作業表現的其他交集可能─如篩選作業差，但卻閱讀正常─的比例，且此種的學童的比例，可能人數比「篩選作業差／閱讀困難」的學童還多，消弱其對巨細胞缺損假說的證據力。以上的說法，迄今尚未看到驗證。因此本研究以目前在台灣學校教室經常使用的「IRS教學回饋系統」，進行一個小學二、三年級大型樣本的檢驗。一共成功蒐集到381名（點作業協調性作業），與165名（對比敏感度測驗）學童的有效樣本，對照現行標準閱讀能力測驗的分數作相關，並與學生該學期之國語及數學成績作對照。結果非但修正了早先對於閱讀正常／困難的臆測之外，也發現到儘管點協調性與對比敏比感度測量皆與閱讀能力有顯著相關，點協調與對比敏感兩者的相關卻未達顯著，顯示兩者與閱讀能力的關聯顯非源自於同一來源。在列舉了一些其他解釋力較低的可能─如視角或亮度，或兒童視力差異等的可能影響─後，本研究結論雖支持視覺功能與閱讀能力的關聯，但同樣不支持巨細胞的缺損假說。最後，本研究除可當作一國小學童閱讀困難團體檢測驗的高可行性方案，亦可供其他領域的研究者作參考。

以文找文

Among the various etiologies of developmental dyslexia, the hypothesis of the defected specific subcortical structure, known as the magnocellular (M) pathway, is still contentious. Its supporting evidence is limited in that some task comparisons, which normally show group differences between dyslexic and normal readers, fail to consider the prevalence rate of dyslexia. Such negligence may have missed some poor visual task performers who have normal reading, and the normal vs. dyslexic-at-risk poor visual performers may be equal ratio or larger in the former, making magnocellular hypothesis much less persuasive. So far, this assertion remains untested. In the current study, large sample were collected from the second and third Taiwan elementary school graders, on reading comprehension (as well as their academic performance on mathematics and language for corroboration) and the two often cited M-related tasks: dot coherence (DC, N = 381) and contrast sensitivity (CS, N = 165). The results disagreed with the previously suggested 1 ~ 2:1 poor-DC/CS with normal or with poor reading ratio, suggesting that the real ratios could be larger (4 ~ 8:1). In addition, significant DC-reading and CS-reading, but insignificant DC-CS, correlations were found, indicative of shared yet distinct reading-related mechanisms that are less likely from a single origin. Among other possible but unfavorable explanations (such as test position variability, light conditions during testing, and the students’ visual acuities), these results concur the relations between visual functions and reading, but unsupportive of the magnocellular hypothesis of dyslexia. Lastly, the current study exemplifies an efficient group testing/screening protocol applicable to developmental dyslexia and other research domains.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Eden, G. F.、VanMeter, J. W.、Rumsey, J. M.、Maisog, J. M.、Woods, R. P.、Zeffiro, T. A.(1996)。Abnormal Processing of Visual Motion In Dyslexia Revealed by Functional Brain Imaging。Nature，382，66-69。
2.	Demb, J. B.、Boynton, G. M.、Heeger, D. J.(1997)。Brain activity in visual cortex predicts individual differences in reading performance。Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America，94(24)，13363-13366。
3.	Williams, M. A.、Stuart, G. W.、Castles, A.、McAnally, K. I.(2003)。Contrast sensitivity in subgroups of developmental dyslexia。Vision Research，43，467-477。
4.	Habib, M.(2000)。The neurological basis of developmental dyslexia: An overview and working hypothesis。Brain，123(12)，2373-2399。
5.	Lovegrove, W. J.、Garzia, R. P.、Nicholson, S. B.(1990)。Experimental evidence for a transient system deficit in specific reading disability。Journal of American Optometric Association，61(2)，137-146。
6.	Lovegrove, W.、Martin, F.、Slaghuis, W.(1986)。A theoretical and experimental case for a residual deficit in specific reading disability。Cognitive Neuropsychology，3，225-267。
7.	Martin, F.、Lovegrove, W.(1987)。Flicker contrast sensitivity in normal and specifically disabled readers。Perception，16，215-221。
8.	Stevenson, H. W.、Stigler, J. W.、Lucker, G. W.、Lee, S. Y.、Hsu, C. C.、Kitamura, S.(1982)。Reading disabilities: The case of Chinese, Japanese and English。Child Development，53，1164-1181。
9.	Arditi, A.(2005)。Improving the design of the letter contrast sensitivity test。Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science，46，2225-2229。
10.	Barlow, H.、Tripathy, S. P.(1997)。Correspondence noise and signal pooling in the detection of coherent visual motion。The Journal of Neuroscience，17，7954-7966。
11.	Chouake, T.、Levy, T.、Javitt, D. C.、Lavidor, M.(2012)。Magnocellular training improves visual word recognition。Frontiers in Human Neuroscience，6，14。
12.	Cornelissen, P. L.、Hansen, P. C.、Gilchrist, I.、Cormack, F.、Essex, J.、Frankish, C.(1998)。Coherent motion detection and letter position encoding。Vision Research，35，2181-2191。
13.	Danelli, L.、Berlingeri, M.、Bottini, G.、Ferri, F.、Vacchi, L.、Sberna, M.、Paulesu, E.(2013)。Neural intersections of the phonological, visual magnocellular and motor/cerebellar systems in normal readers: Implications for imaging studies on dyslexia。Human Brain Mapping，34，2669-2687。
14.	Demb, J. B.、Boynton, G. M.、Best, M.、Heeger, D. J.(1998)。Psychophysical evidence for a magnocellular pathway deficit in dyslexia。Vision Research，38，1555-1559。
15.	Dougherty, B. E.、Flom, R. E.、Bullimore, M. A.(2005)。An evaluation of the mars letter contrast sensitivity test。Optometry and Vision Science，82，970-975。
16.	Galaburda, A.、Livingstone, M.(1993)。Evidence for a magnocellular defect in developmental dyslexia。Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences，682，70-82。
17.	Goodbourn, P. T.、Bosten, J. M.、Hogg, R. E.、Bargary, G.、Mollon, J. D.、Lawrance-Owen, A. J.(2012)。Do different "magnocellular tasks" probe the same neural substrate。Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences，279，4263-4271。
18.	Haymes, S. A.、Roberts, K. F.、Cruess, A. F.、Nicolela, M. T.、LeBlanc, R. P.、Ramsey, M. S.、Artes, P. H.(2006)。The letter contrast sensitivity test: Clinical evaluation of a new design。Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science，47，2739-2745。
19.	Heath, S. M.、Bishop, D. V. M.、Hogben, J. H.、Roach, N. W.(2006)。Psychophysical indices of perceptual functioning in dyslexia: A psychometric analysis。Cognitive Neuropsychology，23，905-929。
20.	Hu, W.、Lee, H.-L.、Zhang, Q.、Liu, T.、Geng, L.-B、Seghier, M. L.、Price, C. J.(2010)。Developmental dyslexia in Chinese and English populations: Dissociating the effect of dyslexia from language differences。Brain: A Journal of Neurology，133(6)，1694-1706。
21.	Jednorog, K.、Marchewka, A.、Tacikowski, P.、Heim, S.、Grabowska, A.(2011)。Electrophysiological evidence for the magnocellular-dorsal pathway deficit in dyslexia。Developmental Science，14，873-880。
22.	Jones, S. R.、Carley, S.、Harrison, M.(2003)。An introduction to power and sample size estimation。Emergency Medicine Journal，20，453-458。
23.	Leat, S. J.、Wegmann, D.(2004)。Clinical testing of contrast sensitivity in children: Age-related norms and validity。Optometry and Vision Science，81，245-254。
24.	Lennie, P.、Movshon, J. A.(2005)。Coding of color and form in the geniculostriate visual pathway (invited review)。Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics, Image Science, and Vision，22，2013-2033。
25.	Lovegrove, W. J.(1993)。Weakness in the transient visual system: A causal factor in dyslexia。Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences，682，57-69。
26.	McCandliss, B. D.、Noble, K. G(2003)。The development of reading impairment: A cognitive neuroscience model。Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews，9，196-204。
27.	Nagy, K.、Zimmer, M.、Greenlee, M. W.、Kovacs, G(2012)。Neural correlates of after-effects caused by adaptation to multiple face displays。Experimental Brain Research，220，261-275。
28.	Nassi, J. J.、Lyon, D. C.、Callaway, E. M(2006)。The parvocellular LGN provides a robust disynaptic input to the visual motion area MT。Neuron，50，319-327。
29.	Newsome, W. T.、Britten, K. H.、Movshon, J. A.(1989)。Neuronal correlates of a perceptual decision。Nature，341，52-54。
30.	O'Brien, B. A.、Mansfield, J. S.、Legge, G. E.(2000)。The effect of contrast on reading speed in dyslexia。Vision Research，40，1921-1935。
31.	Olulade, O. A.、Napoliello, E. M.、Eden, G. F.(2013)。Abnormal visual motion processing is not a cause of dyslexia。Neuron，79，180-190。
32.	Pelli, D. G.、Robson, J. G.、Wilkins, A. J.(1988)。The design of a new letter chart for measuring contrast sensitivity。Clinical Vision Science，2，187-199。
33.	Qian, Y.、Bi, H.-Y.(2014)。The visual magnocellular deficit in Chinese-speaking children with developmental dyslexia。Frontiers in Psychology，5，692。
34.	Ramus, F.(2001)。Dyslexia: Talk of two theories。Nature，412，393-395。
35.	Ridder, W. H. III、Borsting, E.、Banton, T.(2001)。All developmental dyslexic subtypes display an elevated motion coherence threshold。Optometry and Vision Science，78，510-517。
36.	Roach, N. W.、Edwards, V. T.、Hogben, J. H.(2004)。The tale is in the tail: An alternative hypothesis for psychophysical performance variability in dyslexia。Perception，33，817-830。
37.	Roach, N. W.、Hogben, J. H.(2007)。Impaired filtering of behaviourally irrelevant visual information in dyslexia。Brain，130，771-785。
38.	Russell, R.、Duchaine, B.、Nakayama, K.(2009)。Super-recognizers: People with extraordinary face recognition ability。Psychonomic Bulletin & Review，16(2)，252-257。
39.	Schiller, P. H.、Logothetis, N. K.、Charles, E. R.(1990)。Functions of the colour-opponent and broad-band channels of the visual system。Nature，343，68-70。
40.	Schneider, K. A.、Richter, M. C.、Kastner, S.(2004)。Retinotopic organization and functional subdivisions of the human lateral geniculate nucleus: A high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging study。The Journal of Neuroscience，24，8975-8985。
41.	Schulte-Korne, G、Bruder, J.(2010)。Clinical neurophysiology of visual and auditory processing in dyslexia: A review。Clinical Neurophysiology，121，1794-1809。
42.	Skottun, B. C.(2001)。Is dyslexia caused by a visual deficit?。Vision Research，41，3069-3070。
43.	Skottun, B. C.(2001)。On the use of metacontrast to assess magnocellular function in dyslexic readers。Perception & Psychophysics，63，1271-1274。
44.	Skottun, B. C.(2005)。Magnocellular reading and dyslexia。Vision Research，45，133-134。
45.	Skottun, B. C.(2010)。Rats, dyslexia, and the magnocellular system。Cortex，46，799。
46.	Skottun, B. C.(2011)。On the use of visual motion perception to assess magnocellular integrity。Journal of Integrative Neuroscience，10，15-32。
47.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2006)。Is coherent motion an appropriate test for magnocellular sensitivity?。Brain and Cognition，61，172-180。
48.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2007)。A few remarks on relating reaction time to magnocellular activity。Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology，29，860-866。
49.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2007)。Metacontrast, target recovery, and the magno- and parvocellular systems: A perspective。Visual Neuroscience，24，177-181。
50.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2007)。Some remarks on the use of visually evoked potentials to measure magnocellular activity。Clinical Neurophysiology，118，1903-1905。
51.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2008)。Coherent motion, magnocellular sensitivity and the causation of dyslexia。International Journal of Neuroscience，118，185-190。
52.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2008)。Visual search: Magno- and parvocellular systems or color and luminance processes?。International Journal of Neuroscience，118，1259-1267。
53.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2009)。Are masking abnormalities in schizophrenia specific to type-B masking?。The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry，10，798-808。
54.	Skottun, B. C.、Skoyles, J. R.(2009)。Stereopsis and magnocellular sensitivity in schizophrenia。The world Journal of Biological Psychiatry，10，697-701。
55.	Skoyles, J. R.、Skottun, B. C.(2004)。On the prevalence of magnocellular deficits in the visual system of non- dyslexic individuals。Brain and Language，88，79-82。
56.	Skoyles, J. R.、Skottun, B. C.(2009)。Conflicting data about dyslexia's cause。Science，326，228-229。
57.	Solomon, S. G.、Lee, B. B.、Sun, H.(2006)。Suppressive surrounds and contrast gain in magnocellular-pathway retinal ganglion cells of macaque。Journal of Neuroscience，26，8715-8726。
58.	Spencer, J.、O'Brien, J.、Riggs, K.、Braddick, O.、Atkinson, J.、Wattam-Bell, J.(2000)。Motion processing in autism: Evidence for a dorsal stream deficiency。NeuroReport，11，2765-2767。
59.	Stein, J.(2001)。The magnocellular theory of developmental dyslexia。Dyslexia，7，12-36。
60.	Stein, J.、Talcott, J.、Walsh, V.(2000)。Controversy about the visual magnocellular deficit in developmental dyslexics。Trends of Cognitive Sciences，4，209-211。
61.	Stevens, C.、Neville, H.(2006)。Neuroplasticity as a double-edged sword: Deaf enhancements and dyslexic deficits in motion processing。Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience，18，701-714。
62.	Stuart, G. W.、McAnally, K. I.、Castles, A.(2001)。Can contrast sensitivity functions in dyslexia be explained by inattention rather than a magnocellular deficit?。Vision Research，41，3205-3211。
63.	Talcott, J. B.、Hansen, P. C.、Assoku, E. L.、Stein, J. F.(2000)。Visual motion sensitivity in dyslexia: Evidence for temporal and energy integration deficits。Neuropsychologia，38，935-943。
64.	Thayaparan, K.、Crossland, M. D.、Rubin, G. S.(2006)。Clinical assessment of two new contrast sensitivity charts。British Journal of Ophthalmology，91，749-752。
65.	Van Essen, D. C.、Gallant, J. L.(1994)。Neural mechanisms of form and motion processing in the primate visual system。Neuron，13，1-10。
66.	Ziegler, J. C.、Perry, C.、Ma-Wyatt, A.、Ladner, D.、Schulte-Korne, G.(2003)。Developmental dyslexia in different languages: Language-specific or universal?。Journal of Experimental Child Psychology，86，169-193。
67.	陳一平(20001200)。閱讀障礙之巨細胞系統功能異常假說。中華心理學刊，42(2)，113-140。延伸查詢
68.	Lovegrove, W.、Martin, F.(1984)。The effects of field size and luminance on contrast sensitivity differences between specifically reading disabled and normal children。Neuropsychologia，22，73-77。
69.	Demb, J. B.、Boynton, G. M.、Heeger, D. J.(1998)。Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Early Visual Pathways In Dyslexia。The Journal of Neuroscience，18(7)，6939-6951。
70.	Gross-Glenn, K.、Skottun, B. C.、Glenn, W.、Kushch, A.、Lingua, R.、Dunbar, M.、Jallad, B.、Lubs, H. A.、Levin, B.、Rabin, M.、Parke, L. A.、Duara, R.(1995)。Contrast Sensitivity in Dyslexia。Visual Neuroscience，12，153-163。
71.	Livingstone, M. S.、Rosen, G. D.、Drislane, F. W.、Galaburda, A. M.(1991)。Physiological and Anatomical Evidence For a Magnocellular Defect In Developmental Dyslexia。Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America，88，7943-7947。
72.	Merigan, W. H.、Maunsell, J. H. R.(1990)。Macaque vision after magnocellular lateral geniculate lesions。Visual Neuroscience，5，347-352。
73.	Newsome, W. T.、Pare, E. B.(1988)。A selective impairment of motion perception following lesions of the middle temporal visual area (MT)。The Journal of Neuroscience，8，2201-2211。
74.	Stein, J.、Walsh, V.(1997)。To See But Not to Read: The Magnocellular Theory of Dyslexia。Trends in Neurosciences，20，147-152。
75.	Victor, J. D.、Conte, M. M.、Burton, L.、Nass, R.(1993)。Visual Evoked Potentials In Dyslexics and Normals: Failure to Find a Difference In Transient or Steady-state Responses。Visual Neurosciences，10，939-946。
76.	Cornelissen, P.、Hansen, P. C.、Hutton, J. L.、Evangelinou, V.、Stein, J. F.(1998)。Magnocellular visual function and children's single word reading。Vision Research，38(3)，471-482。
77.	Lovegrove, W. J.、Bowling, A.、Badcock, D.、Blackwood, M.(1980)。Specific reading disability: Differences in contrast sensitivity as a function of spatial frequency。Science，210，439-440。
78.	Skottun, B. C.(2000)。On the Conflicting Support for the Magnocel-lular-deficit Theory of Dyslexia: Response to Stein, Talcott and Walsh (2000)。Trends in Cognitive Sciences，4(6)，211-212。
79.	Shaywitz, S. E.(1998)。Dyslexia。The New England Journal of Medicine，338，307-312。
80.	Skottun, B. C.(2000)。The Magnocellular Deficit Theory of Dyslexia: The Evidence from Contrast Sensitivity。Vision Research，40，111-127。
81.	Levitt, H.(1971)。Transformed up-down methods in psychoacoustics。Journal of the Acoustical Society of America，49，467-477。
82.	Meissner, C. A.、Brigham, J. A.(2001)。Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces: A meta-analytic review。Psychology, Public Policy, & Law，7(1)，3-35。

圖書
1.	Ko, H. W.、Chan, E. L.(2006)。Elementary school reading comprehension screening test (Grade 2 to 6)。Taipei：Special Education Unit, Ministry of Education。
2.	Ko, H. W.、Chan, Y. L.(2007)。Reading comprehension screening test。Taipei：Special Education Center, National Taiwan Normal University。
3.	De Valois, R. L.、De Valois, K. K.(1988)。Spatial vision。New York, NY：Oxford University Press。

圖書論文
1.	Atkinson, J.(1993)。Vision in dyslexics: Letter recognition acuity, visual crowding, contrast sensitivity, accommodation, convergence and sight reading music。Facets, of dyslexia and its remediation。Amsterdam：Elsevier。

推文
推薦
引用網址
引用嵌入語法
轉寄

top

:::

相關期刊
相關論文
相關專書
相關著作
熱門點閱

1.	臺灣學生聲韻覺識作業之聲韻表徵運作單位
2.	中文閱讀弱讀者的認知功能缺陷：視覺處理或是聲韻覺識？
3.	閱讀障礙者在心像旋轉作業上的表現
4.	Cross-linguistic Analysis of Developmental Dyslexia--Does Phonology Matter in Learning to Read Chinese？
5.	閱讀障礙者之視知覺能力探討
6.	Critical Phase Band for Chinese Character Recognition
7.	閱讀障礙之巨細胞系統功能異常假說

1.	轉介前介入對原住民閱讀障礙診斷區辨效度之研究

1.	閱讀障礙研究之歷史與發展趨勢
2.	聲韻覺識與閱讀發展

無相關著作

1.	Multidimensional Victimization and Internet Addiction among Taiwanese Children
2.	Understanding Gender Differences Revealed by Event-Related Potentials in Processing Positive and Bloody Pictures
3.	心臟心理社會復建方案：認知行為團體心理治療取向
4.	Forgiveness as a Mediator of Breakup Appraisal and Post-Traumatic Stress-like Symptoms among Young Adults
5.	以計畫行為理論探討慢性腎臟病患選擇不同透析治療之意圖
6.	自閉症類群障礙幼兒共享式注意力和語言能力、心智能力、適應功能及自閉症症狀的關係
7.	正念傾向對因應與情緒調節彈性之影響
8.	慢性病因應歷程中自我效能感與因應策略的作用與關係 : 兩種情緒聚焦因應的區辨
9.	2歲前自閉症類群障礙症早期篩檢 : 18個月後追蹤
10.	隨機控制情境短文探究憂鬱症生理、心理歸因之效果
11.	臺灣老化態度量表之編製與心理計量特性
12.	Therapeutic Techniques in Client Emotional Processing: A Review of Experiential Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, and Trans-Theoretical Approaches
13.	死亡突顯性對注意力的影響--以文化性線索為例
14.	Age Differences in Face Memory and Face Processing between Younger and Older Adults in Taiwan
15.	自閉症類群疾患幼兒語言能力相關因素：共享式注意力與模仿

QR Code

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫系統

詳目顯示

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫