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題名：A Multilevel Analysis of the Linguistic Features Affecting Chinese Text Readability
書刊名：臺灣華語教學研究
作者：洪嘉馡 引用關係／宋曜廷／曾厚強／張國恩／陳茹玲
作者(外文)：Hong, Jia-fei／Sung, Yao-ting／Tseng, Ho-chiang／Chang, Kuo-en／Chen, Ju-ling
出版日期：2016
卷期：13
頁次：頁95-126
主題關鍵詞：中文文本閱讀難易度；多層次語言特徵；小學教科書文本；統計學趨向分析；Chinese text readability；Multilevel linguistic features；Elementary-school texts；Statistical tendency analysis
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  • 共同引用共同引用:49
  • 點閱點閱:7
本文研究文本理解的特性，論述採用詞彙類、語意類、句法類和文章凝聚性四個主要層次的32 個語言特徵，以探討中文文本閱讀難易度，克服前人僅採用一些表面語言特徵的限制。研究的實驗材料取自臺灣三個版本的小學一年級到六年級的課本共386 篇文本，從低年級到高年級的課文當作是文本從簡易到相對繁難的安排，這32 個語言特性的閱讀難易度以統計學的趨向分析依文本在年級的高低分布計算出來。過去華語為二語的文本分析大都採用學生偏誤的語料，本研究則以正規的文本為依據，做出中文文本閱讀難易度，希望研究成果能對華語為二語教學有所貢獻。
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the characteristics of text comprehension. We use an approach that includes 32 linguistic features from four main levels (word, semantic, syntactic, and cohesive) that relate to Chinese text readability. The aim is to overcome the restrictions that resulted from adopting only surface linguistic features in investigating text readability in the past. In the present study, the research materials include 386 texts from Chinese textbooks for Taiwan elementary school students in six grades. The texts are reasonably assumed to increase in complexity of readability from grade 1 to grade 6. The readability of each of the 32 features is derived from the statistical trend analysis with respect to the grades. It is hoped that the results of this study can be of significant use in teaching Chinese reading in Chinese as a second language.
期刊論文
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21.Fry, Edward B.(1968)。A readability formula that saves time。Journal of Reading，11(7)，513-516+575-578。  new window
22.陳傑、孟祥芝(2007)。兒童早期詞彙獲得的詞類差異。Advances in Psychological Science，15(3)，423-428。  延伸查詢new window
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26.Hmeidi, Ismail、Bilal, Hawashin、El-Qawasmeh, Eyas(2008)。Performance of KNN and SVM classifiers on full word Arabic articles。Advanced Engineering Informatics，22，106-111。  new window
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33.宋曜廷、陳茹玲、李宜憲、查日龢、曾厚強、林維駿、張道行、張國恩(20130300)。中文文本可讀性探討：指標選取、模型建立與效度驗證。中華心理學刊，55(1)，75-106。new window  延伸查詢new window
34.Dale, E.、Chall, J. S.(1948)。A Formula for Predicting Readability: Instructions。Educational Research Bulletin，27(2)，37-54。  new window
35.Bailin, A.、Grafstein, A.(2001)。The Linguistic Assumptions Underlying Readability Formulae: A Critique。Language and Communication，21(3)，285-301。  new window
會議論文
1.Sung, Y.-T.、Chang, T. H.、Chen, J.-L.、Cha, J.-H.、Huang, C.-H.、Hu, M.-K.、Hsu, F.-Y.(201107)。The construction of Chinese readability index explorer and the analysis of text readability。21th Annual Meeting of Society for Text and Discourse Process。Poitiers：Universite de Poitiers。  new window
2.鄭錦全(2005)。詞彙語意與句子閱讀難易度計量。The 6th Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop。Fujian：Xiamen University。261-265。  延伸查詢new window
3.Dura, Nicholas D.、Bellissens, Cedrick、Taylor, Roger S.、McNamara, Danielle S.(2007)。Quantifying text difficulty with automated indices of cohesion and semantics。The 29th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society，233-238。  new window
研究報告
1.Caylor, John S.、Sticht, Thomas G.、Fox, Lynn C.、Ford, J. Patrick(1973)。Methodologies for Determining Reading Requirements of Military Occupational Specialties (計畫編號：HumRRO-TR-73-5)。Alexandria：Human Resources Research Organization。  new window
2.McNamara, Danielle S.、Louwerse, Max M.、Graesser, Arthur C.(2002)。Coh-Metrix: Automated Cohesion and Coherence Scores to Predict Text Readability and Facilitate Comprehension。Memphis, TN：University of Memphis。  new window
圖書
1.Spache, G. D.(1978)。Good reading for poor readers。Champaign, IL：Garrard。  new window
2.Dubay, W. H.(2007)。Smart language: Readers, readability, and the grading of text。Costa Mesa, CA：BookSurge Publishing。  new window
3.孫德金(2002)。漢語語法教程。北京：北京語言文化大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.Gunning, Robert(1952)。The technique of clear writing。McGraw-Hill。  new window
5.Kincaid, J. P.、Fishburne, L. R. P.、Rogers, R. L.、Chissom, B. S.(1975)。Derivation of new readability formulas (automated readability index, Fog Count and Flesch Reading Ease Formula) for navy enlisted personnel。Millington, TN：Navy Research Branch。  new window
6.Templin, Mildred C.(1975)。Certain language skills in children: Their development and interrelationships。Minneapolis, MN：University of Minnesota Press。  new window
7.何永清(20050000)。現代漢語語法新探。臺北市：臺灣商務印書館。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Chall, Jeanne S.、Dale, Edgar(1995)。Readability Revisited: The New Dale-Chall Readability Formula。Brookline Books。  new window
9.Halliday, Michael A. K.、Hasan, Ruqaiya(1976)。Cohesion in English。Longman。  new window
10.Johansson, Victoria(2008)。Lexical Diversity and Lexical Density in Speech and Writing。Sweden：Lund University。  new window
11.Gernsbacher, Morton Ann(1990)。Language Comprehension as Structure Building。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
12.朱德熙(1982)。語法講義。商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
13.Lakoff, George、Johnson, Mark(1980)。Metaphors We Live by。University of Chicago Press。  new window
14.Givón, Talmy(1979)。On Understanding Grammar。Academic Press。  new window
15.Fellbaum, Christiane(1998)。WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database。MIT Press。  new window
其他
1.Sung, Yao-Ting(2014)。CCRIE: Chinese Readability Index Explorer (Version 2.3) Web-based Software，http://www.chinesereadability.net/CRIE/7LANG-CHT。  new window
圖書論文
1.van den Broek, Paulus Willem、Kremer, Kathleen E.(2000)。The mind in action: What it means to comprehend during reading。Reading for meaning: Fostering comprehension in the middle grades。International Reading Association。  new window
2.McLaughlin, G. H.(1968)。Proposals for British readability measures。The third international reading symposium。London：Cassell。  new window
3.Webelhuth, G.(1995)。X-bar theory and case theory。Government and Binding Theory and the Minimalist Program: Principles and Parameters in Syntactic Theory。Oxford。  new window
4.Hwang, S. J.(1992)。The Functions of Negation in Narration。Language in context: Essay for Robert E. Longacre。Dallas, TX：Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington。  new window
5.Carpenter, Patricia A.、Just, Marcel Adam(1983)。What your eyes do while your mind is reading。Eye movements in reading: Perceptual and language processes。New York：Academic Press。  new window
6.Just, M. A.、Carpenter, P. A.(1987)。Orthography: Its structure and effects on reading。The psychology of reading and language processing。Newton, MA：Allyn & Bacon。  new window
7.Carlson, Greg N.、Tanenhaus, Michael K.(1984)。Lexical meanings, structural meanings, and concepts。Papers from the Parasession on Lexical Semantics。Chicago：Chicago Linguistic Society。  new window
8.Tardif, Twila(2006)。But are they really verbs? Chinese words for action。Action Meets Word: How Children Learn Verbs。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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