目標：本研究旨在瞭解臺灣學齡前兒童休閒活動參與現況及其影響相關因素。方法：本研究資料來源為日本早稻田大學前橋明教授所提供『臺灣幼兒生活習慣調查資料庫』，抽取臺灣地區滿3~6足歲6244位(男生3321位、女生2923位)學齡前兒童為研究對象。研究中採用卡方檢定與多變項羅輯斯迴歸進行資料分析。結果：（一）約46.36%學齡前兒童休閒活動參與時間≤30分鐘、約65.47%學齡前兒童休閒活動參與類型是以靜態活動為主、以「畫畫(54.60%)」和「看電視(52.47%)」為較常參與休閒活動，而休閒活動場所排名第一名為在家中(94.04%)；（二）性別、居住地區、玩伴人數及有無才藝課程與學齡前兒童休閒活動參與時間和類型上有顯著差異，而不同年齡則無顯著差異；（三）主要影響學齡前兒童休閒活動參與時間和休閒活動參與類型之顯著因子包括：性別、居住地區、玩伴人數及有無才藝課程。結論：臺灣約有九成四左右的學齡前兒童主要休閒場所則傾向待在家中，約有五成左右以從事畫畫或看電視的靜態休閒活動為主，因此建議宣導休閒活動參與在學齡前兒童發展重要性的觀念，並鼓勵家長參加親子休閒活動課程，以建立正確的休閒活動觀念。

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the current status and factors of the leisure activity of Taiwanese preschool children. Methods: Data of 6244 children, aged 3 to 6 years old were extracted from the Taiwanese young children living surveillance developing by Waseda University of professor Maeashi, Akira. All data were analysed with Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regessions. The subjects were 6244 preschool children from 3 to 6 year-old in Taiwan. All data obtained were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regressions analysis. Results: (1) The time of 46.36% of the preschool children engaging with leisure activities was less than 30 minutes. About 65.47% of the preschool children performed less physically demanding leisure activities. The most popular leisure activity was drawing, accounts for 54.6% and followed by watching television programs (52.47%). Home is the main avenue for leisure activities (94.04%). (2) There were differences observed between the frequency and categories of the leisure activities associated with gender, residential areas, the numbers of playmates and the art classes while ages of preschool children showed no significant difference. (3) The multiple logistic regression analysis suggested various different background factors associating with the degree of the frequency of the leisure activities participation and the categories of the leisure activities of preschool children were the gender, current residence, playmates and art classes. Conclusion: Nearly 94% of the Taiwanese preschool children performed the leisure activitiy at home. Drawing and watching television programs were the most popular leisure activities (50%). It is suggested to consolidate the importance of leisure activity participation for preschool children development and to encourage the involvement of parents in order to foster the positive thoughts of leisure activity for preschool children.