In Old Chinese, wh-words are usually put before verbs or prepositions and after subjects in wh-questions, such as "Wú shuí qī? Qī tiān hū? (Lùn Yǔ "Zǐ Hǎn")" and "Bǎi xìng bù zú, jūn shú yǔ zú ? (Lùn Yǔ "Yán Yuan")". Previous researches (Wáng Lì, 1980/2004; Féng Lì, 1994) regarded the phenomenon as the remains of primitive Chinese from the diachronic evolution viewpoint. Instead, we attemptto directly analyze the formation of syntax from the synchronic perspective. According to the Optimality Theory, we set up a group of conditions and the sequence is: OP- SPEC >> STAY = OB- HD = PRE- STRAND >> CASE-AD (PRO) >> CASE-AD(WH). Grimshaw (1997) and Cuī Hǎi Yīng (2010) had respectively used OP-SPEC, STAY and OB- HD to analyze wh-questions in English and modern Chinese, and we set up CASE-AD(WH) and CASE-AD (PRO) based on Case-assigner and Case Adjacency in Case Theory. As for PRE- STRAND, we set it up in accordance with preposition stranding proposed by Pei-Chuan Wei (1999). We use the group of conditions to explain arrangement of wh-words and to show the flexibility and convenience of Optimality Theory for syntax analysis.