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題名：認知調適對健行步道擁擠感受之影響
書刊名：戶外遊憩研究
作者：呂怡君／林晏州
作者(外文)：Lu, Yi-ching／Lin, Yann-jou
出版日期：2018
卷期：31:1
頁次：頁1-21
主題關鍵詞：調適行為；社會容許量；視覺評估法；產品轉移；合理化；Coping behavior；Recreation carrying capacity；Visual approach；Product shift；Rationalization
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:22
  • 點閱點閱:2
遊客人數會影響擁擠感受，然而遊客面臨遊憩壓力時可能會透過調適行為來緩和心理壓力。本研究目的在於探討認知調適在步道遊客人數與擁擠感受關係間之影響效果，研究地點為陽明山國家公園二子坪遊憩區之步道，擁擠感受以不同遊客人數之模擬相片進行測量，而認知調適程度分別以產品轉移和合理化問項評斷。研究結果顯示步道遊客人數顯著正向影響擁擠感受，已有來訪經驗者、遊憩目的為運動社交者之擁擠感受較低，而認知調適則顯著負向影響擁擠感受，表示認知調適程度愈高者，愈不容易感到擁擠，證實認知調適會影響受訪者對於遊憩區現況之評估標準，因此，建議管理單位在評估容許量時，應將認知調適之影響效果納入考量。
Visitor numbers influence crowding perception. However, visitors may use coping to ease their experience of recreation stress. This study aimed to discuss the effects of cognitive coping on the relationship between hiking trail visitor numbers and crowding perceptions. The hiking trail at Erzihping Recreation Area in Yangmingshan National Park was used as the study site. A series of hiking trail photos with different use levels were used as the stimuli to measure respondents' crowding perceptions. Cognitive coping was measured by questions describing product shifts and rationalizations. The results suggested that visitor numbers had a significant positive effect on crowding perception. Respondents who were revisit visitors or whose purpose was to exercise or socialize had lower crowding perceptions. Cognitive coping had a significant negative effect on crowding perceptions; as the degree of cognitive coping increased, the perception of crowding decreased. The research findings validated the prediction that cognitive coping influences respondents' evaluation criteria for recreation use in recreation areas. Therefore, administrators should consider the effects of cognitive coping when evaluating recreation carrying capacity.
期刊論文
1.Kuentzel, W. F.、Heberlein, T. A.(1992)。Cognitive and behavioral adaptations to perceived crowding: A panel study of coping and displacement。Journal of Leisure Research，24(4)，377-393。  new window
2.Iwasaki, Y.、Schneider, I. E.(2003)。Leisure, stress, and coping: An evolving area of inquiry。Leisure Sciences，25(2/3)，107-113。  new window
3.Manning, R. E.、Ciali, C. P.(1980)。Recreation Density and User Satisfaction: A Further Exploration of the Satisfaction Model。Journal of Leisure Research，12(4)，329-345。  new window
4.Schuster, R. M.、Hammitt, W. E.、Moore, D.(2003)。A theoretical model to measure the appraisal and coping response to hassles in outdoor recreation settings。Leisure Sciences，25(2/3)，277-299。  new window
5.Graefe, A. R.、Vaske, J. J.、Kuss, F. R.(1984)。Social Carrying Capacity: An Integration and Synthesis of Twenty Years of Research。Leisure Sciences，6(4)，395-431。  new window
6.林晏州(20000300)。社會遊憩容許量評估方法之比較。戶外遊憩研究，13(1)，1-20。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Schneider, I. E.、Hammitt, W. E.(1995)。Visitor Response to Outdoor Recreation Conflict: A Conceptual Approach。Leisure Sciences，17(3)，223-234。  new window
8.Laven, D. N.、Manning, R. E.、Krymkowski, D. H.(2005)。The relationship between visitor-based standards of quality and existing conditions in parks and outdoor recreation。Leisure Sciences，27(2)，157-173。  new window
9.呂怡君、林晏州(20160300)。步道上遊客人數對擁擠感受之影響。戶外遊憩研究，29(1)，57-77。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Gramann, J. H.、Burdge, R. J.(1984)。Crowding perception determinants at intensively developed outdoor recreation sites。Leisure Sciences，6(2)，167-186。  new window
11.Heberlein, T. A.、Kuentzel, W. F.(2002)。Too many hunters or not enough deer? Human and biological determinants of hunter satisfaction and quality。Human Dimensions of Wildlife，7(4)，229-250。  new window
12.Johnson, A. K.、Dawson, C. P.(2004)。An exploratory study of the complexities of coping behavior in Adirondack Wilderness。Leisure Sciences，26(3)，281-293。  new window
13.Miller, T.、McCool, S. F.(2003)。Coping with stress in outdoor recreational settings: An application of transactional stress theory。Leisure Sciences，25(2/3)，257-275。  new window
14.Shelby, B.、Bregenzer, N.、Johnson, R.(1988)。Displacement and product shift: Empirical evidence from Oregon rivers。Journal of Leisure Research，20(4)，274-288。  new window
15.Schuster, R.、Hammitt, W. E.、Moore, D.(2006)。Stress appraisal and coping response to hassles experienced in outdoor recreation setting。Leisure Sciences，28，97-113。  new window
16.Shindler, B.、Shelby, B.(1995)。Product shift in recreation settings: Findings and implications from panel research。Leisure Sciences，17(2)，91-107。  new window
17.Vaske, J. J.、Shelby, L. B.(2008)。Crowding as a descriptive indicator and an evaluative standard: Results from 30 years of research。Leisure Sciences，30(2)，111-126。  new window
18.Manning, R. E.、Valliere, W. A.(2001)。Coping in outdoor recreation: Causes and consequences of crowding and conflict among community residents。Journal of Leisure Research，33(4)，410-426。  new window
19.Shelby, B.、Vaske, J. J.、Heberlein, T. A.(1989)。Comparative analysis of crowding in multiple locations: Results from fifteen years of research。Leisure Sciences，11(4)，269-291。  new window
20.Vaske, J. J.、Donnelly, M. P.(2002)。Generalizing the encounter-norm-crowding relationship。Leisure Sciences，24(3/4)，255-269。  new window
21.Stewart, W. P.、Cole, D. N.(2001)。Number of Encounters and Experience Quality in Grand Canyon Backcountry: Consistently Negative and Weak Relationships。Journal of Leisure Research，33(1)，106-120。  new window
會議論文
1.Heberlein, T. A.、Proudman, S. C.(1986)。Declining canoe use and social carrying capacity: A 1975-1985 comparison of a northwoods river。First National Symposium on Social Science in Resource Management。Corvallis, OR：Oregon State University。  new window
2.Peden, J. G.、Schuster, R. M.(2004)。Stress and coping in the High Peaks Wilderness: An exploratory assessment of visitor experiences。The 2004 northeastern recreation research symposium。Newtown Square, PA：USDA Forest Service, North Eastern Research Station。29-38。  new window
研究報告
1.林晏州(1998)。運用視覺評估法評定遊憩容許量之研究 (計畫編號：NSC 87-2313-B-002-031)。臺北：行政院國家科學委員會。  延伸查詢new window
2.林晏州、蘇愛媜(2012)。陽明山國家公園內遊憩行為對環境之影響：以二子坪及擎天崗草原特別景觀區為例分析調查。臺北：陽明山國家公園管理處。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Manning, R. E.(2007)。Parks and carrying capacity: commons without tragedy。Washington, DC：Island Press。  new window
2.Manning, R. E.(1999)。Studies in outdoor recreation: Search and research for satisfaction。Corvallis, Oregon：Oregon State University Press。  new window
3.Hall, T. E.、Cole, D. N.(2007)。Changes in the motivations, perceptions, and behaviors of recreation users: Displacement and coping in wilderness。Fort Collins, CO：U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station。  new window
4.Booth, K. L.、Cessford, G. R.、McCool, S. F.、Espiner, S. R.(2011)。Exploring visitor experiences, crowding perceptions and coping strategies on the Milford Track, New Zealand。Wellington：New Zealand Department of Conservation。  new window
5.Heberlein, T. A.、Vaske, J. J.(1979)。The Apostle Island visitor in 1975。Madison, WI：Center for Resource Policy Studies, The University of Wisconsin-Madison。  new window
6.Heberlein, T. A.、Vaske, J. J.(1977)。Crowding and visitor conflict on the Bois Brule River。Madison, WI：University of Wisconsin, Water Resources Center。  new window
7.Shelby, B.、Heberlein, T. A.(1987)。Carrying capacity in recreation settings。Corvallis, OR：Oregon State University Press。  new window
8.Lazarus, Richard S.、Folkman, Susan(1984)。Stress, Appraisal, and Coping。Springer。  new window
圖書論文
1.Hoss, A. F.、Brunson, M. W.(2000)。Meanings and implications of acceptability judgements for wilderness use impacts。Wilderness science in a time of change。Ogden, Utah：United States Department of Agriculture/Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station。  new window
 
 
 
 
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