本文評估民國 82 年及 83 年臺灣地區公私立（準）醫學中心與（準）區域醫院 之生產績效。以無母數 DEA 方法估算 Malmquist 生產力變動，並將生產力變動分解為技術 變動、純技術效率變動及規模效率變動，以非參數方法檢定公私立醫院生產績效差異的顯著 性，並利用迴歸模型解釋效率與生產力變動的可能原因。實證結果發現，私立醫院相對於公 立醫院而言，技術效率較高；公私立醫院生產力都有所成長，但公立醫院生產力的提高較多 ；公立及私立醫院，其生產力提升均來自技術變動。此外，公立醫院的生產活動有愈來愈接 近固定規模報酬的傾向。 82 年及 83 年生產前緣亦有相交的現象。U 檢定的結果肯定私立 醫院較公立醫院在效率方面的表現為佳。然而，或許是僅有一年時間差異的關係，公私立醫 院在生產力變動、技術變動、綜合技術效率變動、純技術效率變動、規模效率變動方面並未 出現顯著差異。最後本文以迴歸模型，利用權屬別、病床使用率、平均住院日、醫院規模及 Herfindahl 指標解釋效率與生產力變動可能的原因。 結果發現，病床使用率及平均住院日 是醫院績效的兩個重要決定因素。

　　　　　The purpose of this paper is to study the productivity growth of public and private medical centers and regional hospitals in Taiwan during 1993-1994. We measure the Malmquist productivity index by using nonparametric DEA and decomposes the index into three components: technical change, pure technical efficiency change, and scale change. Empirical results indicate that on average the public hospitals had a higher TFP growth rate than the private ones, and the TFP growth rates in both types of ownership were dominated by tchnical change. In addition, the public sector's input-output activity tended to approach constant returns to scale, which is the most productive scale size. We also find that the 1993 and 1994 production frontiers intersected. With U-test, private hospitals were shown to be significantly more efficient than the public ones, but no significant differences were found between their TFP growth rates, technical changes, or efficiency changes. Regression analyses demonstrate that bed flows and average length of stay are significant determinants of the producer's performance.