一、 中文部分
王巧雲 (1996),我國地區醫院技術效率之研究 -- DEA 方法的應用。政大財政所碩士論文。
王信仁 (1992),醫學中心與區域醫院之效率評估 -- 資料包絡法之運用。高雄醫學院公衛所碩士論文。
李文福、王媛慧 (1998a),台灣地區公私立醫學中心與區域醫院生產力變動之研究--無母數 Malmquist 指數之應用。經濟論文,26(3),243-269。李文福、王媛慧 (1998b),醫院效率之研究--機率限制DEA模式之應用。台灣經濟學會1998年年會。
李玉春 (1997),台灣地區全民健保二週年紀念特刊-全民健康保險支付制度。衛生署,84-92。林小嫻、林瓊香、楊志良 (1995),省市立及教會醫院的生產效率。台灣經濟學會年會論文集,p.441-467。
林秀碧 (1997),醫院服務區域的定義與市場競爭程度之分析:以台中市某區域醫院為例。國立台灣大學公共衛生學院醫療機構管理研究所。洪正芳 (1998),全民健保施行對醫療院所經營行為與財務影響評估計劃。台北市:衛生署。
張錦文 (1998),從醫院管理者的立場看全民健保。全民健保之評析與展望,台北市,國家衛生研究院,p.125-128。
莊逸洲 (1998),從管理者的角度看全民健保。全民健保之評析與展望,台北市,國家衛生研究院,p.121-124。
許國敏 (1993),公立醫院營運與管理。醫院,26:6,318-320。
陳佩妮 (1996),醫療品質與整體經營績效關係之研究--以台北醫療區域各級醫院為例。台大公共衛生研究所醫管組碩士論文。
楊志良 (1993),健康保險。台北市:巨流出版社。劉嘉玲 (1994),醫院服務區域的定義與分析-以某地區醫院為例。陽明大學醫務管理研究所碩士論文。
盧瑞芬 (1998),全民健康保險重大疾病醫療資源利用分析。台北市:中央健康保險局。
謝啟瑞 (1996),健康經濟學。台北市:五南圖書出版公司。
韓揆 (1994),醫療品質管理及門診服務品質定性指標。中華衛誌,13(1),p.35-52。藍守仁 (1997),全民健康保險高屏地區高使用頻率保險對象就醫動機及行為之探討。台北市:中央健康保險局。
藍忠孚 (1986),區域醫療保健服務體系之研究。行政院研究發展考核委員會。
羅紀瓊、石淦生、陳國樑 (1996),醫院效率之衡量 - DEA 方法之運用。經濟論文,24(3),p.375-395。經建會(1990),全民健康保險制度規劃技術報告。
衛生署 (1997),中華民國公共衛生概況,台北市。
二、 英文部分
Aigner, D. J. and S. F. Chu (1968), "On Estimating the Industry Production Function", American Economic Review, 58, 826-839.
Albriktsen, R. O. and F. R. (1990), "A Productivity Study of the Norwegian Building Industry", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 2, 53-66.
Andersen, P. and N.C. Petersen (1993), "A Procedure for Ranking Efficient Units in Data Envelopment Analysis", Management Science, 39, 1261-1264.
Arrow, K. J. (1963), " Uncertainty and the Welfare Economics of Medical Care", American Economic Review, 53, 941-973.
Banker, R. D. and R. C. Morey (1984), "The Use of Categorical Variables in Data Envelopment Analysis ", Management Science, 32, 1613-1627.
Banker, R. D., A. Charnes and W. W. Cooper (1984), "Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiency in Data Envelopment Analysis", Management Science, 30, 1078-1092.
Becker, E. R. and F. A. Sloan (1985), "Hospital Ownership and Performance", Economic Inquiry, 23, 21-36.
Beckham, J. D. (1984), " A Strategic Alternative for Community Hospital-The Principle of Periphereal Penetration ", Journal of Health Care Marketing, 4, 37-40.
Bjurek, H. (1996), "The Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index", Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 98, 303-313.
Bradford, W. D. and C. Craycraft (1996), " Prospective Payments and Hospital Efficiency", Review of Industrial Organization, 11, 791-809.
Burgess, Jr. J. F. and P. W. Wilson (1995), "Decomposing Hospital Productivity Changes, 1985-1988: A Nonparametric Malmquist Approach", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 6, 343-363.
Caves, D. W., L. R. Christensen and W. E. Diewert (1982), "The Economic Theory of Index Numbers of the Measurement of Input, Output and Productivity", Econometrica, 50, 1393-1414.
Charnes, A. and W. W. Cooper (1959), "Chance-Constrained Programming", Management Science, 15, 73-79.
Charnes, A. and W.W. Cooper (1962),"Chance-Constraints and Normal Deviates", Journal of the American Statistical Association, 57, 134-148.
Charnes, A., W. W. Cooper and T. Sueyoshi (1988), "A Goal Programming / Constrained Regression Review of the Bell System Breakup", Management Science, 34, 1-26.
Charnes, A., W. W. Cooper and E. Rhodes (1978), "Measuring the Efficiency of Decision-Making Units", European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444.
Clark, R. (1980), " Does the Non-Profit Form Fit the Hospital Industry? ", Harvard Law Review, 93, 1416-1489.
Cook, R.D. and S. Weisberg (1982), Residuals and Influence in Regression. New York: Chapman and Hall.
Cooper W.W., Z. Huang and S.X. Li (1996), "Satisficing DEA models under chance constraints", Annuals of Operations Research, 66, 279-295.
Cooper W.W., Z. Huang, V. Lelas, S.X. Li and O.B. Olesen (1998), "Chance Constrained Programming Formulations for Stochastic Characterizations of Efficiency and Dominance in DEA", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 9, 53-79.
Cowing, T. and A. Holtman (1983), " Multiproduct Short-Run Hospital Cost Functions: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications from Cross-Section Data ", Southern Economic Journal, 49, 637-653.
Coyne, J.S. (1982), " Hospital Performance in Multi-Hospital Systems: A Comparative Study of System and Independent Hospitals ", Health Service Research, 17, 303-329.
Debreu, G. (1951), " The Coefficient of Resource Utilization ", Econometrica, 19, 273-292.
DesHarnais, S. I., J. D. Chesney and R. T. Wroblewski (1988), "The Risk-Adjusted Mortality Index--A New Measure of Hospital Performance", Medical Care, 26, 1129-1145.
Diewert, W.E. (1980), "Capital and the Theory of Productivity Analysis", American Economic Review, 79, 260-267.
Dranove, D. and M. Shanley (1989), " A Note on the Relational Aspects of Hospital Market Definitions", Journal of Health Economics, 8, 473-478.
Dusansky R. and P. W. Wilson (1994), "Technical Efficiency in the Decentralized Care of the Developmentally Disabled", The Review of Economics and Statistics, 76, 340-345.
, R. (1988), Fundamentals of Production Theory, Springer-Verlag, New York.
, R. (1991), "The Malmquist Productivity Index and The Circular Test", CORE Discussion Paper 9142.
, R. and C. A. K. Lovell (1978), " Measuring the Technical Efficiency of Production", Journal of Economic Theory, 19, 150-162.
, R. and S. Grosskopf (1996a), "The Malmquist Productivity Index and Returns to Scale: The Right Way", SIU Working Paper.
, R. and S. Grosskopf (1996b), Intertemporal Production Frontiers: With Dynamic DEA, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
, R., S. Grosskopf and C.A.K. Lovell (1994), Production Frontiers, New York: Cambridge University Press.
, R., S. Grosskopf and P. Roos (1995), "Productivity and Quality Changes in Swedish Pharmacies", International Journal of Production Economics, 39, 137-147.
, R., S. Grosskopf, B.Lindgren and P.Roos (1989), "Productivity Developments in Swedish Hospitals: A Malmquist Output Index Approach", in A. Charnes, W.W. Cooper, A.Y. Lewin, and L.M. Seiford (eds.), Data Envelopment Analysis: Theory, Methodology and Applications, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
, R., S. Grosskopf and M. Norris (1997), "Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries: Reply", American Economic Review, 87, 1040-1043.
, R., S. Grosskopf, M. Norris and Z. Zhang (1994), "Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries", American Economic Review, 84, 66-83.
Farrell, M.J. (1957), "The Measurement of Productivity Efficiency", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, General, 120, 253-281.
Feldstein, P. J. (1993), Health Care Economics, Delmar Publishers Inc.: New York.
Folland, S., A. C. Goodman and M. Stano (1993), The Economics of Health and Health Care, Prentice Hall: New Jersey.
, F. R. (1996), " On the Calculation of the Scale Efficiency in DEA Models", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 7, 283-302.
, F. R., and L. Hjalmarsson (1979), "Frontier Production Functions and Technical Progress : A Study of Milk Processing in Swedish Dairy Plants", Econometrica, 47, 883-900.
Freeman, C. (1982), The Economics of Industrial Innovation, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Fried, H. O., C. A. K. Lovell and S.S. Schmidt (1993), The Measurement of Productive Efficiency: Techniques and Applications, New York: Oxford University Press.
Garnick, D. W., H. S. Luft, J. C. Robinson, and J. Tetreault (1987), "Appropriate Measures of Hospital Market Areas ", Health Services Research, 22, 67-89.
Goddeeris, J. H. (1984), " Insurance and Incentives for Innovation in Medical Care ", Southern Economic Journal, 51, 530-539.
Greene, W. H. (1993) ," The Econometric Approach to Efficiency Analysis", in Fried, H. O., C. A. K. Lovell and S. S. Schmidt, The Measurement of Productive: Techniques and Applications, New York: Oxford University Press, 1993, 68-119.
Grifell- E. and C.A.K. Lovell (1995), "A Note on Malmquist Productivity Index", Economics Letters, 47, 169-175.
Grifell- E. and C.A.K. Lovell (1998), "A Generalized Malmquist Productivity Index", Working Paper.
Grifell- E., C.A.K. Lovell and J. T. Pastor (1998), "A Quasi-Malmquist Productivity Index", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 10, 7-20.
Grosskopf S. and V. Valdmanis (1987), "Measuring Hospital Performance: A Non-parametric Approach", Journal of Health Economics, 6, 89-107.
Grosskopf S. and V. Valdmanis (1993), "Evaluating Hospital Performance with Case-Mix-Adjusted Outputs", Medical Care, 31, 525-532.
Grosskopf S.(1996), "Statistical Inference and Nonparametric Efficiency : A Selective Survey", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 7, 161-176.
Gstach D. (1998), "Another Approach to Data Envelopment Analysis in Noisy Environments: DEA+ ", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 9, 161-176.
Hopper, W. D. (1965), "Allocation Efficiency in a Traditional Indian Agriculture", Journal of Farm Economics, 47, 611-624.
Huang Z. and S. X. Li (1996), "Dominance Stochastic Models in Data Envelopment Analysis", European Journal of Operations Research, 95, 390-403.
Joskow, P. L. (1980), "The Effects of Competition and Regulation on Hospital Bed Supply and the Reservation Quality of the Hospital", The Bell Journal of Economics, 11, 421-447.
Joskow, P. L. (1983), " Reimbursement Policy, Cost Containment and Non-Price Competition", Journal of Health Economics, 2, 167-174.
Koopmans, T. C.(1951) Activity Analysis of Production and Allocation, New York: Wiley.
Kooreman, P.(1994), "Nursing Home Care in The Netherlands: A Nonparametric Efficiency Analysis", Journal of Health Economics, 13, 301-316.
Land K.C., C.A.K. Lovell and S. Thore (1988), "Chance Constrained Efficiency Analysis", Paper presented at a NSFC on parametric and nonparametric approaches to frontier analysis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Land K.C., C.A.K. Lovell and S. Thore (1993), "Chance Constrained Data Envelopment Analysis", Managerial and Decision Economics, 14, 541-554.
Land K.C., C.A.K. Lovell and S. Thore (1994), "Productive Efficiency under Capitalism and State Socialism: an Empirical Inquiry Using Chance-Constrained Data Envelopment Analysis", Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 46, 139-152.
Lee, W. F. and Y. H. Wang (1999), "A Study of Market Change and Productivity: The Case of National Health Insurance in Taiwan", Taipei International Conference on Efficiency and Productivity Growth.
Link, A. N.(1992) , Technological Change and Productivity Growth, Harwood Academic Publishers: Switzerland (2nd Edition).
Lo, J. C., K. S. Shih, K. L. Chen and S. Yu (1997), " Hospitals Productivity in Taiwan-A Malmquist Index Approach", Taipei International Conference on Efficiency and Productivity Growth.
Lovell, C. A. K., L. C. Walters and L. L. Wood (1995), "Stratified Models of Education Production Using Modified DEA and Regression Analysis", in A. Charnes, W. W. Cooper, A. Y. Lewin and L. M. Seiford, eds. , Data Envelopment Analysis: Theory, Methodology and Applications (3rd edition), Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997, 329-352.
Malmquist, S. (1953), "Index Numbers and Indifference Surfaces", Trabajos de Estatistica, 4, 209-242.
Matarrodona, E. D. and J. P. Junoy (1998), "Market Structure and Hospital Efficiency: Evaluating Potential Effects of Deregulation in a National Health Service", Review of Industrial Organization, 13, 447-466.
Nadzam, D.M. (1991), "Development of Medication-Use Indicators by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations", American Journal of Hospital Pharmacists, 38, 1925-1929.
Newhouse, J. P. (1970), " Toward a Theory of Nonprofit Institution: An Economic Model of a Hospital ", American Economic Review, 60, 64-74.
Newhouse, J. P. (1988), " Has the Erosion of the Medical Marketplace Ended? ", Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 13, 263-277.
Nishimizu, M. and J. M. Page (1982), "Total Factor Productivity Growth, Technological Progress and Technical Efficiency Change: Dimensions of Production of Productivity Change in Yugoslavia 1965-78", Economic Journal, 92, 920-936.
Niskanen, W.(1971), Bureaucracy and Representative Government, Aldine Atherton, New York.
Olesen O.B. and N. C. Petersen (1995), "Chance Constrained Efficiency Evaluation", Management Science, 41, 442-457.
Pauly M. V. and Redisch(1973), " The Not-for-Profit Hospital as a Physician''s Cooperative", American Economic Review, 63, 87-99.
Phelps, C. E. (1992), Health Economics, New York: Harper Collins Publishers Inc.
Phibbs, C. S. and J. C. Robinson (1993), " A Variable-Radius Measure of Local Hospital Market Structure", Health Services Research, 28, 313-324.
Raffiee K. and J. Wendel (1991), " Interactions between Hospital Admissions, Cost per Day and Average Length of Stay", Applied Economics, 23, 237-246.
Ray, S. C. and E. Desli (1997), "Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries: Comment", American Economic Review, 87, 1033-1039.
Robinson, J. C. and H. S. Luft (1985), " The Impact of Hospital Market Structure on Patient Volume, Average Length of Stay and the Cost of Care", Journal of Health Economics, 4, 333-356.
Robinson, J. C. and H. S. Luft (1987), " Competition and the Cost of Hospital Care", Journal of the American Medical Association, 257, 3241-3245.
Rosegger, G. (1980), The Economics of Production and Innovation, Elmsford, N.Y.: Pergamon Press.
Sachs, L. (1984), Applied Statistics: A Handbook of Techniques, New York: Springer-Verlag.
Sengupta, J. K. (1982), "Efficiency Measurement in Stochastic Input-Output Systems", International Journal of Systems Science, 13, 273-287.
Sengupta, J. K. (1987), "Data Envelopment Analysis for Efficiency Measurement in the Stochastic Case", Computers and Operations Research, 14, 117-129.
Sengupta, J. K. (1990), "Transformations in Stochastic DEA Models", Journal of Econometrics, 46, 109-124.
Sengupta, J.K. (1995), Dynamics of Data Envelopment Analysis: Theory of Systems Efficiency, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Shephard, R.W. (1970), Theory of Cost and Production Functions, Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press.
Simar, L. and P. W. Wilson (1996), "Estimating and Bootstrapping Malmquist Indices", CORE Discussion Paper, No. 9660.
Simar, L. and P. W. Wilson (1997), "Sensitivity Analysis of Efficiency Scores: How to Bootstrap in Nonparametric Frontier Models", Management Science, Forthcoming.
Solow, R. M. (1957), " Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function", Review of Economics and Statistics 39, 312-320.
Valdmanis, V. (1990), "Ownership and Technical Efficiency of Hospitals", Medical Care, 28, 552-561.
Valdmanis, V. (1992), "Sensitivity Analysis for DEA Models: An Empirical Example Using Public vs. NFP Hospitals", Journal of Public Economics, 48, 185-205.
Wilson, P.W. (1995), "Detecting Influential Observations in Data Envelopment Analysis", Journal of Productivity Analysis, 6, 27-45.
Wilson, P.W. and L. Simar(1995), "Bootstrap Estimation for Nonparametric Efficiency Estimates", CORE Discussion Paper, No. 9571.
Wold, H. (1952), Demand Analysis, Uppsala: Almqvist and Wicksell.
World Bank(1997), Sector Strategy:Health, nutrition, and population, Washington D.C..
Yotopolus, P. A., and L. J. Lau (1973), "A Test for Relative Economic Efficiency: Some Further Results", American Economic Review, 63, 214-223.