為了調整銀行風險的差異性，以正確分析國內銀行之成本結構變化情形，本文於計量模型設定時，除了傳統之投入產出變數外，特別納入了一個風險變數於Translog成本函數。我們參酌國內外財務金融相關文獻之後，認為我國銀行之風險可能受到銀行規模的變動率、投資上市票券比例、不良放款比例、風險性資產比例、自有資本比例及銀行組織型態等因素之影響。而各銀行的風險水準會進而影響其營運成本。於實證分析時係採二階段分析法。先以OLS估計風險函數，再將所得的風險變數配適值納入成本函數中。接著將成本函數即要素份額式所形成的成本函數系統方程式設為SUR，並以FGLS法來估計此一系統，以探討國內銀行風險與成本間之關係。

　　　　　A Translog cost function incorporated by a risk variable is applied to analyze the changes in the risk-adjusted cost structure of nine public trading banks in Taiwan during 1986-1994. First of all, we develop a risk equation which is determined by factors such as the relative change in bank assets, the ratio of investment in securities to total investment, non-performing loans ratio, the ratio of risky assets to total assets, the ratio of net equity to total assets and ownership types. We estimate this risk equation by OLS and then incorporate the fitted value of the risk variable into the translog cost function and share equations. These equations are assumed to be seemingly unrelated. We apply the FGLS method to estimate the system of these equations.