為了探討視覺工作記憶中非語義編碼信息對注意捕獲的調節以及這種調節作用發生的階段,本研究采用視覺搜索范式,以二維抽象對稱圖形為材料,被試為17名大學生,利用事件相關電位技術,研究不同視覺工作記憶內容影響注意捕獲的電生理機制。結果發現:(1)無效信息條件(同側,對側)下的反應時顯著長于中性條件;(2)同側無效信息條件下的N2pc波幅顯著增大,兩側無效信息條件下的P300波幅大于中性條件。結果表明,在注意加工的中期階段,與視覺工作記憶中非語義編碼項目特征相同的干擾刺激在視覺搜索過程中獲得了注意資源競爭優勢,干擾個體對靶刺激的注意捕獲,且該效應持續至注意的晚期加工階段。

In order to explore the moderating effect of non-semantic coding information on attention capture in visual working memory and the stages of such moderating effect, the 2-D abstractly symmetric graphics were chose as materials and visual search paradigm was used. The ERPs of seventeen graduate participants were recorded to investigate the electrophysiological mechanism of the effects of different visual working memory contents on attention capture. The visual working memory contents were divided into three conditions: ipsilateral invalid information、contralateral invalid information and neutral information.The results demonstrated that: The RTs of the invalid information(ipsilateral, contralateral) conditions were significantly longer than neutral condition.The N2 pc was enhanced under the condition of ipsilateral invalid information. The amplitude of the P300 was greater on ipsilateral invalid information and contralateral invalid information relative to neutral condition. The results suggested that the distractors with the same characteristics as nonsemantic coding items in visual working memory gained the competitive advantage of attention resources and interfered with the attentional capture of target stimuli during the middle stage of attention processing of visual search. And this effect lasted to the late processing stage of attention.