The purposes of this study were to use the viewpoint , "Gottfredson''s
theory of circumscription and compromise in vocational preference" , to observe
the developmental stages of vocational preference of Taiwan''s students in the
elementary , junior high ,and senior high school and the " vocational preference
compromise choice" strategies of university students. There were two researches
and 19 assumptions included in this study. As the results,16 assumptions were
supported, after the data being collected and analyzed.
Research I: A Study on the Developmental Stages of Vocational Preference
Researcher adopted judgmental cluster sampling method, picking 26 class students
from elementary ,junior high, and senior high school located in the city,
town, country ,and remote area in Taiwan as subjects. Tony Intelligence Test and
Vocational Preference Inventory were used as research instruments, and 611 valid
subjects were obtained. Then, G? independent X?and stepwise regression
statistical methods were used to test the 5 research assumptions. The results
indicated that "sex" included in self-concept is related to "sex type of
vocational preference" included in vocational image that happened in the second
developmental stage(subjects were under 9 years old) ;"social class"
and "intelligence" were related to the "prestige level of vocational preference"
that happened in the third developmental stage(subjects were as many as and
more than 9 years old) ,which were as Gottfredson suggested. In addition, "sex"
was more powerful predictor for the "sex type of vocational preference" and was
able to explain 32.79% of the total variance; "intelligence", when compared
with "social class" ,was more powerful predictor for the "prestige level of
vocational preference" and was able to explain 5.57% of he total variance. In
sum, Gottfredson''s viewpoint, the developmental stages of vocational preference
circumscription, was supported for the sampled subjects.
Research II: A Study on the Vocational Preference Compromise Phenomena of the
University Students
Researcher designed "Vocational Choice Dilemma Inventory" as the research
instrument and used judgmental sampling method to pick 24 class students(about
evenly distributed by male and female; reality type, investigation type, art
type, social type, enterprise type and conventional type vocational interest) in
the university as subjects. Then, researcher asked some teachers in the
university to invite the subjects to fill the "Vocational Choice Dilemma
Inventory" and obtained 854 valid samples. Next, t-test, stepwise regression,
and ANOVA statistical methods were used to test the 14 assumptions ,and the
results were as follow:
There exited differences of "vocational preference compromise choice"
strategies among subjects with different "self concept", "sex", "sex in the
cross culture" ,and "dilemma situations". In addition, the psychological
variances, such as "sex role" , "vocational interest" , "vocational self
concept" , "vocational mental tendency" , "goal selection" , "gathering
occupational information" , "problem solving" , "making the plans for the
future" , "accurate self appraisal" , could predict both male and female
university students'' "vocational preference prestige choice" strategies
separately; "female character" and "accurate self appraisal" could positively
predict male''s "vocational preference prestige choice" strategy; "male character
" could positively predict female''s "vocational preference prestige choice"
strategy; "female character", "social type" and "art type" vocational interest
could negatively predict female''s "vocational preference prestige choice"
strategy.
Researcher provided some discussions for the research methods and
research procedure, and made some suggestions for both the practice of
counseling and guidance as well as the research work of Gottfredson''s theory.