:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:職業結構 - 以關係結構探索職業的流動性特徵
作者:劉賢文
作者(外文):Liu, Hsien-Wen
校院名稱:輔仁大學
系所名稱:心理學系
指導教授:王思峰
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2015
主題關鍵詞:職業流動結構職業興趣職能責任等級工作能域職業階層職業脈絡社會網絡分析方法群間互動密度Occupation shifting structureOccupational InterestCompetenceResponsibility LevelJob ZoneOccupational StratificationOccupational ContextSocial Network Analysis MethodInteractive Density
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:39
一個在求職或發展生涯時常思考的問題是:「興趣重要?還是符合個人經濟意圖的一技之長重要?」。興趣涉及自我概念及人格發展歷程,一技之長則涉及一個人的工作能域(job zone)。人們會以社會變項與他人共享一種對職業的共同印象,這些印象便是一種來自個體本身與社會(或說工作世界)的一種總體自我覺察,其背後回映包含個體的自我概念、工作能耐與心之所嚮。工作者依據其自我概念及人格發展歷程持有一種職業興趣(occupational interest),並以其一技之長所知覺的工作能域狀態,穿透探索實際的工作世界,參照與回應到一種工作世界所形成的即有社會所回映的社會認知,包含著社會期待、限制與機會,最終決定在實際工作世界中所留下的軌跡。 本研究以製造業(含企業管理類)的職業為樣本範圍,使用阿拉斯加生涯網格(Alaska Career Lattice)資料庫,分別就職業興趣、工作能域、職業脈絡(SOC主分類)等面向將人們在工作世界中移動的軌跡建立工作轉換路徑模式工作世界網絡(WTBN)後,以社會網絡分析方法分析職群內與職群間的流動結構,探索「人們在工作世界中可移動的結構為何?」 研究結果指出:(1)人們所處的工作世界依工作能域的差異有著明顯的職業階層與職業疆界;(2)人們傾向在主要的職業層級內流動,即使跨階層流動也較難跨出與主要職業階層二個等級以上的階層職群;(3)職業階層愈高,跨階層流動的程度愈高;(4)人們傾向在其主要的職業興趣職群中流動;(5)職業階層愈高,職業興趣職群的分佈愈多樣化。反之,愈低愈凝聚在特定的職業興趣職群中;(6)在特定的職業脈絡下,以工作分析理論為基礎的理論工作世界回映到真實的工作世界的效果具有系統性關聯;(7)職業的脈絡在一定的程度上影響職業流動的結構,相較於職業層級較低者,工作內涵基礎(也就是KSAO)對職業層級較高者的職業流動結構的影響程度較低。
A common question for a people when they seek for a job is :「 The Interest, or the Skill/ or Money ? Which one is the most important for my job or career.」 The interest involved a people’s self-concept and their personality development process; the skill involved a people’s job zone for a job. People will share an image of occupations by social variable. The image is a kind of self-awareness to their condition and social( or to say a world of work) limitation, to reflect people’s self-concept, integrated competence, and aspiration for a particular occupational interest development. Accordingly, people is exploring and anchoring their trajectories in a world of work by the interactive mapping of interest and job zone to the real world. The research used the data base of Alaska Career Lattice by the range of manufacturing industries( include management) to establish a work transferring-path based network(WTBN), then introduce the social network analysis method to analyze the occupation shifting flow dynamic status by the occupational interest, the job zone and the occupation context(SOC), and explore ”What is the occupation shifting structure when people living in a world of work? “. The result shows: (1) In our world of work, it has a significant occupational stratification and occupational boundary by the job zone; (2) People tend to shift occupations within occupational stratification, and it is very hard to cross two above stratification; (3) Compare with the lower occupational stratification, the higher stratification is more easy to cross stratification; (4) People tend to shift occupations within their major occupational interest; (5) Compare with the lower occupational stratification, the higher stratification has more diverse occupational interest; (6) In a particular occupational context, the KSAO based world of work can systematically related to real world of work; (7) the occupational context can influence the occupation shifting structure. Compare with the lower occupational stratification, the higher stratification will be less influenced by KSAO.
田秀蘭(1996)。〈我國高中學生職業興趣結構之比較研究〉。《中華輔導學報》,4期,69-93。new window
區雅倫(2012)。《個人與學系興趣分數相似度測量與適配圖示之探討》。國立台灣大學心理學研究所未出版博士論文,台北。
黃英忠(2003)。《人力資源管理》,三民,台北市。
許嘉猶(1994)。《階級結構與階級意識比較研究論文集》。台北:中央研究院歐美所。
劉賢文、王思峯(2012)。〈以社會網絡方法分析工作世界:科系就業樣態與職能潛在通性的探索〉。《人力資源管理學報》(台灣),12卷3期,51-73。new window
劉軍 (2009)。《整體網分析講義-UCINET軟件實用指南》。上海:上海人民出版社/格致出版社。
劉長江、Rounds(2003)。〈評估職業興趣的結構〉。《心理學報》(北京),35卷3期,411-418。
熊瑞梅(1995)。〈社會網絡的資料蒐集、測量及分析〉。章英華、傅仰止、瞿海源主編:《社會調查與分析:社會科學研究方法檢討與前瞻之一》。台北:中央研究院民族所。
Aron, Raymond. (1976). LES ETAPES DE LA PENSEE SOCIOLOGIQUE, Gallimard. 中譯版:葛智強、王滬寧、胡秉誠,1991,《社會學主要思潮》,五南,台北市。
Allen, M.T., Rivikin, D., Waugh, G., Lewis, P., Shaw, G., Tsacoumis, S., Brendle, M., Craven, D., Gregory, C., Connell, D. (2012). The Development and Evaluation of a New O*NET Related Occupations Matrix. Vol. 1: Report, September, Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO), Virginia.
Blau, M.P. and Duncan, D.O. (1967). The American Occupational Structure, The Free Press, New York.
Cascio, W. F., & Aguinis, H. (2005). Applied Psychology in Human Resource Management (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Dessler, G. (2007). Human resource management ( 10th ed.). 中譯:方世榮,2007,《現代人力資源管理》,華泰,台北市。
Department of Labor and Workforce Development, Alaska, USA (2012). http://live.laborstats.alaska.gov/cl/
Erikson, R., Goldthorpe, J.H. and Portocarero, L. (1979). Intergenerational class mobility in three Western European societies: England, France and Sweden. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 30, No. 4. Special Issue. Current Research on Social Stratification. Pp. 415-441.
Erikson, R. and Goldthorpe, J.H. (1992). The Constant Flux: A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Societies. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Ferrante, Joan. (1995). Sociology- A Global Perspective, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. 中譯版:李茂興、徐偉傑,1998,《社會學:全球性的觀點》,弘智,台北市。
Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The Strength of Weak Ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78(May), 1360-1380.
Gottfredson, G.D. and Holland, J.L. (1975). Vocational choices of men and women: a comparison of predictors from the Self-Directed Search. Journal of Counseling Psychology. Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.28-34.
Gottfredson, L. S. (1981). Circumscription and compromise: A developmental theory of occupational aspirations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28(6), 545-579.
Gottfredson, L. S. (2002). Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription Compromise, and Self-Creation. In D. Brown & Associates (Eds.), Career choice and development (4th ed., pp. 85-147). San Franscisco: Jossey Bass.
Hanneman, R.A. and Riddle, M.(2005). Introduction to social network methods. Riverside, CA: University of California, Riverside ( published in digital form at http://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/). 中譯版:陳世榮,2013,《社會絡分析方法:UCINET的應用》,巨流,高雄市。
Holland, J.L.(1959). A theory of vocational choice. Journal of Counseling Psychology. Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.35-45.
Holland, J.L. (1966). A Psychological Classification Scheme for Vocations and Major Fields. Journal of Counseling Psychology, Vol. 13, No. 3, 278-288.
Holland, J.L. (1973). Making Vocational Choice. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Holland, J.L. (1996). Exploring careers with a typology: What we have learned and some new directions. American Psychologist. Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 397-406.
Holland, J.L., Sorensen, A.B., Clark, J.P., Nafziger, D.H. and Blum, Z.D. (1973). Applying and occupational classification to a representative sample of work histories. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 34-41.
McCormick, E.J., Finn, R.H., Scheips, C.D. (1957). Patterns of job requirements. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 41, No. 6, 358-364.
McCloy, R., Campbell, J., Oswald F.L., Lewis, P. and Rivkin, D. (1999). Linking client assessment profiles to O*NET occupation profiles. National Center for O*NET Development
Meir, E.I. (1970). Empirical test of Roe’s structure of occupations and an alternative structure. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17, 41-48.new window
Meir, E.I. (1973). The structure of occupations by interests- A small space analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 3, 21-31.
Morrison, Ken. (2006). Marx, Durkheim, Weber : Formations of Modern Social Thought , SAGE, London. 中譯版:王佩廸、李旭騏、吳佳綺,2012,《古典社會學巨擘:馬克思、涂爾幹、韋伯》,韋伯文化,新北市。
Muchinsky, P.M. (2006). Psychology applied to work, 中譯版:張滿玲,2006,《工作心理學》,雙葉,台北市。
National Center for O*NET Development. (2008). Procedures for O*NET Job Zone assignment. (http://www.onetcenter.org/dl_files/JobZoneProcedure.pdf)
Oswald, F., Campbell, J., McCloy, R., Rivikin, D. and Lewis, P. (1999). Stratifying Occupational Units by Specific Vocational Preparation (SVP). National Center for O*NET Development Employment Security Commission. (http://www.onetcenter.org/dl_files/SVP.pdf)
Palmer, G.J., McCormic, E.J. (1961). A factor analysis of job activities. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 45, No. 5, 289-294.
Prediger, D. J. (1981). Mapping Occupations and Interests: A Graphic Aid for Vocational Guidance and Research. The Vocational Guidance Quarterly, September, 21-36.
Peterson, N. G., Mumford, M. D., Borman, W. C. and Jeanneret, P. R.(eds) (1999). An Occupational Information System for the 21st Century: The Development of O*NET. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Peterson, N.G., Mumford, M.D., Borman, W.C., Jeanneret, P.R., Fleishman, E.A., Levin, K.Y., Campion, M.A., Mayfield, M.S., Morgeson, F.P., Pearlman, K., Gowing, M., Lancaster, A., Silver, M. and Dye, D.M. (2001). Understanding work suing the occupational information network (O*NET): Implications for practice and research. Personnel Psychology, Vol. 54, 451-492.
Petersen, T. & Saporta, I. (2001). Offering a Job: Meritocracy and social networks. American Journal of Sociology, 106, 763-816.
Prediger, D. J. (1982). Dimensions underlying Holland’s hexagon: Missing link between interests and occupations?, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 21, 259-287.
Prediger, D. J. (2002). Abilities, Interests, and Values: Their Assessment and Their Integration via the World-of-Work Map. Journal of Career Assessment, vol. 10(2), May, 209-232.
Prediger, D. J. and Swaney, K. B. (2004). Work Task Dimensions Underlying the World of Work: Research Results for Diverse Occupational Databases. Journal of Career Assessment, vol. 12(4), November, 440-459.
Pollack, L.J., Simons, C., Romero, H. and Hausser, D. (2002). A Common Language for Classifying and Describing Occupations: The Development, Structure, and Application of the Standard Occupational Classification. Human Resource Management, vol. 41, No. 3, Fall, 297-307.
Roe, A. (1956). The Psychonolgy of Occupations. New York: Wiley.
Roe, A. (1957). Early determinants of vocational choice. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 4, 212-217.
Roe, A., Hubbard, W.D., Hutchinson, T. Bateman, T. (1966). Studies of occupational history. Part I: Job changes and the classification of occupations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 387-393.
Roe,A. and Kols,D. (1969). Occupational Classification. The Counseling Psychologist, Fall, vol. 1, 3 84-89.
Roe,A. and Kols,D. (1972). Classification of Occupations. InJ. M.Whiteley &A.Resnikoff(Eds.), Perspectives on vocational development (pp.199-221). Washington, DC: American Personnel and Guidance Association.
Rounds, J., Smith, T., Hubert, L., Lewis, P. and Rivkin, D. (1999). Development of Occupational Interest Profiles for O*NET. National Center for O*NET Development.
Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16, 282-298.
Super, D. E. (1984). Career and life development. In D. Brown & L. Broooks (Eds.), Career Choice and Development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Sharf, R.S. (1999). Applying career development theory to counseling. Brooks/Cole. California. 中譯版:李茂興,1998,《生涯諮商:理論與實務》,弘智,台北市。
Sager, C. E. (1999). Occupational interests and values. In Perterson, N. G., Mumford, M. D., Borman, W. C., Jeanneret, P. R. and Fleishman, E. A.(Eds.), An occupational information system for the 21st century: the development of O*NET(pp 197-211). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Seidel, M.D. L., Polzer, J. T. and Stewart, K. J. (2000). Friends in high places: The effect of social networks on discrimination in salary negotiations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45, 1-24.
Simpson, W. (2001). QAP- The Quadratic Assignment Procedure. http://fmwww.bc.edu/RePEc/nasug2001/simpson.pdf, Harvard Business School.
Sodano, S.M. and Tracey, T.J. (2008). Prestige in interest activity assessment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 310-317.
Spokane, A.R., Luchetta, E.J., Richwine, M.H. (2002). Holland’s theory of personalities in work environments. pp373-426. Career Choice and Development. 4th ed. Duane, B. & Associates. Jossey-Bass. CA.
Sanchez, J.I., Levine, E.L. (2012). The rise and fall of job analysis and the future of work analysis. Anu. Rev. Psychol. 2012.63:397-425. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org.
Tippins, N.T., and Hilton, M.L. (2010). A database for a changing economy: Review of the Occupational Information Network (O*NET). Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Tracey, T.J.G. (2002). Personal Globe Inventory: Mesurement of the spherical model of interests and competence beliefs. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 113-172.
Tracey, T.J. and Rounds, J. (1994). An examination of the structure of Roe’s eight interest fields. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 44, 279-296.
Tracey, T.J.G. and Rounds, J. (1996). The spherical representation of vocational interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48, 3-41.
United State Census Bureau. (2012). North American Industry Classification System. (2012). http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/.
Walker, B., Hlandick, C., Cioni-Haywood, B. (2013). Alaska Economic Performance Report. Department of Commeerce, Community and Economic Development, State of Alkaska.
Wright, E.O. and Martin, B. (1987). The transformation of the American class structure. American Journal of Sociology, 93(1), Jul. 1-29.
Wright, E.O. (1989). The debate on class. London Verso.
Wasserman, S. & Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wrzesniewski, A., Dutton, J. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 26, No. 2, 179-201.
Wahba, J. & Zenou, Y. (2005). Density, social networks and job search methods: Theory and application to Egypt. Journal of Development Economics, 78, 443-473.
Zytowski, D.G. (1986). Comment Comparison of Roe’s and Holland’s Occupational Classifications: Diverse Ways of Knowing. Journal of Counseling Psychology, Vol. 33, No. 4, 479-481.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
QR Code
QRCODE