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題名：如何達到最適匯率制度：美國與日本匯率政策選擇的政治分析(1985-2001)
書刊名：問題與研究
作者：蔡增家
作者(外文)：Tsai, Zheng-jia
出版日期：2003
卷期：42:3
頁次：頁139-164
主題關鍵詞：廣場協議；羅浮宮協議；匯率制度；日本；美國；Plaza Accord；Louvre Accord；Exchange rate system；Japan；US
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:17
　　　　　美國經濟於一九八○年代面臨財政赤字與貿易赤字的雙赤字危機，因此一九八五年「廣場協議」之後，日本在美國、英國及法國的聯合壓力下讓日圓急遽升值，以抑制日本強大的出口競爭力，從一九八五年的「廣場協議」至一九八七年的「羅浮宮協議」為止，日圓從236日圓兌換一美元升值至125兌換一美元，總計在短短的兩年之內，日圓升值了百分之百，但是美國經濟還是沒有復甦；另外從一九九一年泡沫經破滅以來，日本經濟已經陷入二次戰後以來最嚴重的衰退期，在過去十一年當中，日本政府用盡各種經濟政策及方法，但是日本經濟不但仍然在谷底徘徊，反而陷入通貨緊縮的游渦當中，因此，前年(二○○一)小泉純一郎上臺之後，更以政府力量干預匯市，讓日圓價位由114.45日圓一路貶破130日圓兌換一美元，在短短的一個月期日日圓貶值了11%，因圓的急遽貶值嚴重影響亞太國家的出口市場，並連動著這些國家幣值跟隨著下跌，同時也對於全球經濟復甦構成極大的壓力，但是日本經濟仍然沒有起色。為何不論是在國際壓力或是政府干預的情況下來改變匯率，卻都無法達成其經濟目標呢？而最適的匯率政策應該要如何達成呢？這是本文的研究目的。另外從這兩個例證來看，其實美國與日本在當時經濟衰退的主要癥結並非在匯率，而為何這兩國的政府不從國內制度來解決根本的經濟問題(稅制變革與金融改革)，而卻偏好使用匯率政策來改變現狀呢？這是本文所要解答的問題。本文將從國內政治角度來分析美日兩國匯率的決策，並分析其背後的政治因素。
　　　　　The economy of the US faced both financial and trade deficits in the 1980s. therefore, after the Plaza Accord in the 1985, Japan was forced to rapidly revaluate the yen under pressure for the US, Britain, and France. Nevertheless, the US economy still did not recover. In addition, since the collapse of the bubble economy in 1991, the Japanese government also used collapse of the bubble economy in 1991h, the Japanese government also used the exchange rate policy to stimulate it's stagnating economy. Even so, Japan's economy has not recovered. Why did changing the exchange rate fail to help the economy? How is a country to achieve an optimum exchange rate policy? This article argues that the main reason for the recessions in the US and Japan was not the exchange rate problem but was rather due to domestic problems. These two countries must reform their inefficienct financial systems. This article explores the political factors behind the exchange rate policies in the US and Japan since 1980.
期刊論文
1.Cowhey, Peter F.(199303)。Domestic Institutions and the Credibility of International Commitments: Japan and The United States。International Organization，47(2)，299-326。  new window
2.Cohen, Benjamin J.(199601)。Phoenix Risen: The Resurrection of Global Finance。World Politics，48(2)，268-296。  new window
3.Mundell, Robert A.(1963)。Capital Mobility and Stabilization Policy under Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rates。Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science，29(4)，475-485。  new window
4.Friedman, M.(1968)。The Role of Monetary Policy。The American Economic Review，58(1)，1-17。  new window
5.Andrews, David M.(1994)。Capital Mobility and State Autonomy: Towards a Structural Theory of International Monetary Relations。International Studies Quarterly，38(2)，193-218。  new window
6.Frieden, Jeffry A.(1994)。Exchange Rate Politics: Contemporary lessons from American History。Review of International Political Economy，1(1)，81-103。  new window
7.Fischer, S.(1988)。Real Balances, the Exchange Rate and Indexation: Real Variables in Disinflation。The Quarterly Journal of Economics，103，27-49。  new window
8.Calvo, G.、Vegh, C.(1994)。Inflation Stabilization and Nominal Anchors。Contemporary Economic Policy，12，36-58。  new window
9.Botcheva, L.、Martin, L.(2001)。Institutional Effects and State Behavior: Convergence and Divergence。International Studies Quarterly，45(1)，1-26。  new window
10.Kiguel, M.、Liviatan, N.(1992)。The Business Cycle Associated with Exchange Rate-Based Stabilization。World Bank Economic Review，6，279-305。  new window
11.Ramaswamy, R.、Samiei, H.(2000)。The Yen-Dollar Rate: Have Interventions Mattered?。IMF Working Paper。  new window
會議論文
1.Frieden, J.、Rogowski, R.(2001)。The Politics of Exchange Rates。San Francisco, CA。  new window
2.Mosley, L.(2001)。Global Capital and National Economic Policies: The Varing Impacts of Foreign Direct and Portfolio Investment。San Francisco, CA。  new window
3.Shambaugh, G.(2001)。Domestic Politics and Economic Policy Choice in the Context of Global Capital Flows。San Francisco, CA。  new window
圖書
1.Funabashi, Yoichi(1988)。Managing the Dollar: From the Plaza to the Louvre。Managing the Dollar: From the Plaza to the Louvre。Washington, DC：Institute for International Economics。  new window
2.Grimes, William(2001)。Unmaking the Japanese Miracle: Macroeconomic Politics, 1985-2000。Ithaca：Cornell University Press。  new window
3.並河信乃(1997)。行政改革のしくみ。行政改革のしくみ。日本，東京：東洋經濟新報社。  延伸查詢new window
4.田中直毅(200110)。構造改革とは何か。東京：東洋經濟新報社。  延伸查詢new window
5.福岡政行(200006)。日本の選舉。東京：早稻田大學出版部。  延伸查詢new window
6.Pempel, T. J.(1998)。Regime Shift: Comparative Dynamics of the Japanese Political Economy。Ithaca：Cornell University Press。  new window
7.Putnam, Robert D.、Bayne, Nicholas(1987)。Hanging Together: Cooperation and Conflict in the Seven-Power Summits。Hanging Together: Cooperation and Conflict in the Seven-Power Summits。London, UK：Sage Publications。  new window
8.Ries, Christin P.、Sweeney, Richard J.(1997)。Capital Controls in Emerging Economies。Boulder, CO：Westview Press。  new window
9.Hanning, C. R.、Henning, C. R.(1994)。Currencies and Politics in the United States, Germany, and Japan。Washington, D.C.：Institute for International Economics。  new window
10.Eichengreen, B.、Frieden, J.(1994)。The Political Economy of European Monetary Unification。Boulder, CO：Westview Press。  new window
11.橋本壽郎(1999)。日本經濟論：二十世紀システムと日本經濟。日本，東京：ミネルウブア書房。  延伸查詢new window
12.James, Harold(1996)。Monetary Cooperation Since Bretton Woods。Monetary Cooperation Since Bretton Woods。New York, NY/ Washington, DC：IMF and Oxford University Press。  new window
13.Cohen, Benjamin J.(1998)。The Geography of Money。Cornell University Press。  new window
14.Okimoto, Daniel I.(1989)。Between MITI and the Market: Japanese Industrial Policy for High Technology。Stanford, California：Stanford University Press。  new window
15.何思因(1994)。美國貿易政治。臺北：時英出版社。  延伸查詢new window
16.Johnson, Chalmers(1982)。MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975。Stanford University Press。  new window
17.Webb, Michael C.(1995)。The Political Economy of Policy Coordination: International Adjustment Since 1945。Ithaca：Cornell University Press。  new window
18.岩井奉信(1992)。政治資金の研究：利益誘導の日本的政治風土。政治資金の研究：利益誘導の日本的政治風土。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
19.Bates, R.(1997)。Open Economy Politics: The Political Economy of the World Coffee Trade。Open Economy Politics: The Political Economy of the World Coffee Trade。NJ。  new window
20.Calvo, G.、Vegh, C.(1999)。Inflation Stabilization and BOP Crises in Developing Countries。Handbook of Marcoeconomics。NY。  new window
21.Cohen, B.(1993)。The Triad and Unholy Trinity: Lessons for the Pacific Pacific Rim。Pacific Economic Relations in the 1990s: Cooperation or Conflict?。Boulder, CO。  new window
22.Dobson, W.(1991)。Economic Policy Coordination: Requiem of Prologue?。Economic Policy Coordination: Requiem of Prologue?。Washington, DC。  new window
23.Eichengreen, B.(1994)。Globalizing Capital: A History of the International Monetary System。Globalizing Capital: A History of the International Monetary System。New Jersey。  new window
24.Frieden, J.、Rogowski, R.(1996)。The Impact of the International Economy of National Policies: An Analytical Overview。Internationalization and Domestic Politics。NY。  new window
25.Frieden, J.、Rogowski, R.(1997)。The Politics of Exchange Rates。Mexico 1994: Anatomy of an Emerging Market Crash。NY。  new window
26.Frieden, J.、Ghezzi, P.、Stein, E.(2001)。Politics and Exchange Rates: A Cross-Country Approach to Latin America。The Currency Game: Exchange Rate Politics in Latin America。Baltimore, MD。  new window
27.Gao, B.(2001)。Japan's Economic Dilemma: The Institutional Original of Prosperity and Stagnation。Japan's Economic Dilemma: The Institutional Original of Prosperity and Stagnation。New York, NY。  new window
28.Gourevitch, P.(1986)。Politics in Hard Time: Comparative Responses to International Economic Crisis。Politics in Hard Time: Comparative Responses to International Economic Crisis。Itasca, IL。  new window
29.Haggard, S.、Maxfield, S.(1996)。The Political Economy Liberalization in the Developing World。Internationalization and Domestic Politics。NY。  new window
30.Mayer, T.(1999)。Monetary Policy and the Great Inflation in the United States: The Federal Reserve and the Failure of Marcoeconomic Policy。Monetary Policy and the Great Inflation in the United States: The Federal Reserve and the Failure of Marcoeconomic Policy。Northampton, MA。  new window
31.Solomon, R.(1999)。Money on the Move: The Revolution in International Finance since 1980。Money on the Move: The Revolution in International Finance since 1980。New Jersey。  new window
32.Strange, S.(1998)。Mad Money: When Markets Outgrow Government。Mad Money: When Markets Outgrow Government。Ann Arbor, MI。  new window
33.(1994)。Establishing Monetary Stability in Emerging Market Economies。Establishing Monetary Stability in Emerging Market Economies。Boulder, CO。  new window
34.堀江湛(1994)。政治改革と選舉制度。政治改革と選舉制度。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
35.伊藤正直、霰建誠良、淺井良夫(2000)。金融危機と革新。金融危機と革新。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
36.富田俊基(2001)。日本國債の研究。日本國債の研究。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
37.植草一秀(2001)。現代日本經濟政策論。現代日本經濟政策論。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
38.香西泰、白川方明、翁邦雄(2001)。バブルと金融政策。バブルと金融政策。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
39.村松歧夫、奧野正寬(2002)。平成バズルの研究。平成バズルの研究。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.Schamis, H. E.(0)。The Political Economy of Currency Boards: Argentina in Comparative Perspective，沒有紀錄。  new window
圖書論文
1.Garrett, G.、Lange, P.(1996)。Internationalization, Institutions and Political Change。Internationalization and Domestic Politics。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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