本研究探討懷舊治療對機構及非機構居家老人之自尊心、自我健康觀感、憂鬱症狀、及心情狀態之比較性效果差異。採類實驗、雙組前後測研究設計及立意取樣法。若森堡自尊心量表、自我健康觀感測量表、簡短老人憂鬱量表、及心情狀態量表為研究資料收集工具。每位參與個案皆接受前測及四個月後的後測各乙次，所有個案皆接受每週乙次的個別性懷舊治療。計有48位個案完成此研究，其中25位為機構老人，另23位為非機構居家老人。以獨立及配對樣本t檢定檢測組間及組內變項平均值之差異性。結果顯示，機構老人與非機構居家老人在後測的心情狀態有顯著差異 (t = 5.96, p < .001)，但僅機構老人組在自我健康觀感、憂鬱症狀、及心情狀態之組內前後測有顯著差異 (t = -2.56, 2.83, -3.02; p = .018, .009, .007）。此結果代表懷舊治療對居住於機構的老人可能具較潛在性正向效果或為一值得廣泛推廣於機構老人心理之照護措施。長期照護機構中老年人沉悶的生活若輔以一像懷舊治療這種能豐富老人生活之策略，則更能提升其健康老化過程。

　　　　　This study examined the comparative effects of reminiscence on self-esteem, self-health perception, depressive symptoms, and mood status of elderly people residing in long-term care facilities and at home. A quasi-experimental design was conducted, using pre-intervention and post-intervention tests and purposive sampling. Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Health Perception Scale (HPS), Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF), and Apparent Emotion Rating Scale (AER) were used as study instruments. Each subject was administered pre- and post-experimental tests at a four month interval and all subjects underwent weekly individual reminiscence intervention. Forty-eight subjects completed the study, with 25 institutionalized elderly people and 23 non-institutionalized home-based elderly people. Independent t-tests and paired t-tests were conducted to measure the differences in variable means between and within groups. A significant difference was found between groups in mood status post-test (t = 5.96, p < .001) and significant differences were noted in self-health perception, depressive symptoms, and mood status (t = -2.56, 2.83, -3.02; p = .018, .009, .007) between the pre- and post-intervention tests in the institutionalized group. These results suggust that reminiscence therapy is especially appropriate for older people who reside in care facilities. Implementing strategies that enrich the lives of elderly people residing in long-term cares is crucial, and reminiscence offers a method for promoting healthy aging.