本文嘗試在區文學史的概念下，以彰化省田中鎮的古典詩社──蘭社為探索對象，透過一步一腳印的田野調查，採集隱藏於民間的珍貴文物，兼以檢閱日治時期以來報刊雜詩等文約，試圖以文學史的四大要點：地點、時間要人物、作品，建立其史料架構，而逐步拼綴出蘭社百年歷史中，文學發展的脈絡、成果與意義。以目前所知，蘭社的創立時間至少在明治36年(1903)左右或之前，初期成員多為田中地區的仕紳名流，對地方政治、文教等建設多有影響。蘭社的以擊缽、課題為多，社員熱中參與臺灣各地詩社的。蘭社曾歷經二度復社，延續至光復之後仍然活躍，現仍存一脈相續。百年來已集結的誠集有首任社長陳紹年的《壽山堂詩稿》與現任社長呂碧銓的《碧銓吟草》四集。蘭社的存在實證了田中地區詩歌人文的悠久歷史，也具體擴充了在地文化的豐富內涵。 再者，籍由田中地區蘭社的深入探查，實際反映耆老凋零、文物流失的急速，具體突顯現階段搶救臺灣傳統文學史料的迫切性，以及整理基礎文獻的必要性，包括集刊、文稿、報紙、雜詩……，特別是重要文獻的教位化，必將對擴大研究有絕對性的助益。

This article will study the Orchid Poetry Society, the only poetry society in the town Tien-chung, Changhua. The Orchid Poetry Society was founded by or around 1930, and the members included local celebrities and intellectuals, who were deeply involved in local political and cultural activities. The Society, undergoing ups and downs, has survived and still active today. It can serve as eyewitness to the poetic development in the past hundred years and as an embodiment of a local culture. The author approaches this subject through different aspects such as area, time, persons, and writings, as well as field work, so as to map out the history of literature through the writings of the Society. This study is in effect highlighting the urgent need for us to preserve the important heritage of Taiwan culture.