本研究的主要目的在探討性別和運動行為對大學生身體意象之影響。本研究以中部地區四所大學之590位學生為研究對象。其中男生320位，女生270位；平均年齡為18.50歲(SD=1.51)。施以修訂後之多向度自我身體關係問卷(Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire，簡稱MBSRQ)和個人背景資料問卷，並以二因子多變項變異數分析(MANOVA)，即2(性別)×3(運動行為)×10(身體意象)檢驗男、女和三種運動參與行為於十項身體意象因素的差異與交互作用。研究結果發現不同性別和不同運動行為在身體意象之體能評估上有交互作用；在主要效果方面，不同性別在身體意象之疾病適應、過重之關注、身體各部位滿意度和自覺體重上有主要效果存在；而不同運動行為則在身體意象之體能評估、過重關注、身體各部位滿意度、和體能取向上有主要效果存在。本研究建議未來研究者可以青少年或體適能中心的會員為研究對象，並且比較性別和運動行為之交互作用，以暸解更多有關身體意象之知識。

The purpose of this study was to examine the interactive effects of exercise and gender on body image in university students. This study sampled 590 university students (males=320; females=270) with mean age of 18.05 (SD=1.51) years and administered with (Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, MBSRQ) and demographic data questionnaire. With 2 (gender) × 3 (degree of exercise) × 10 (body image) MANOV A statistical analysis, this study found that gender and exercise had an interactive effect on body image. Specifically, this study found females with high exercise involvement had a higher fitness evaluation than males with low exercise involvement. Also, males were found more satisfied with their body image as previous studies indicated (e.g., Siberstein, Striegel-Moore, Timko, & Rodin, 1988; Cash & Henry, 1995). Moreover, higher exercise involvement had a higher body image than low exercise involvement individuals as seen in Asci (2001) and Loland (1998).This study suggests future studies may be needed to examine the interactive effects of exercise and gender on body image with different population.