1920年代至30年代是國民黨創黨一百多年來，黨內菁英競逐黨務組織領導權最為激烈的時期。這段期間蔣中正所領導的南京政府，面臨黨內最大勁敵—「改組派」的嚴重挑戰，雙方對黨務組織的空前爭奪，不僅遍及中國東半部精華區，且波及海外僑界。「改組派」在海外僑界和國民黨黨務組織最多的亞洲、美洲、歐洲地區，都有一定程度的影響力，加上「改組派」領袖汪精衛在僑界素服眾望，使缺乏外國政府行政奧援的蔣氏，整頓起來比國內更為棘手。面對這個困境，蔣氏除在國內成功弭平「改組派」所策動的反蔣行動，以消滅助長海外「改組派」氣勢的源頭外，還在海外厲行黨務整理，將潛伏在國民黨內的「改組派」份子，從國民黨清除出去，獲致不錯的成果，蔣氏也藉此掌握海外黨部的主控權。

The most drastic fight for the leading positions among the KMT’s elites was waged between the 1920’ and 1930’, after establishing the party for about 100 years. Chiang Kai-shek was the governor of the Nanking Government at that time and the Kuomintang Reorganization Society challenged him seriously. The fight was extended to the East side of the entire China and even to the overseas Chinese. The Kuomintang Reorganization Society had certain influences in areas such as Asia, USA and Europe etc. In particular Wang Jingwei, the leader of the Kuomintang Reorganization Society had much higher reputation than Chiang Kai-shek. Due to lack of the support from the foreign government, Chiang had difficulty to consolidate the political situation out of China. By successfully stopping the disturbance of the Kuomintang Reorganization Society, expelling the Kuomintang Reorganization Society and re-organizing the committee, Chiang again dominated the leading position of Overseas Organization.