The Chinese Communist Party’s 17 th Congress was held during October 2007, this Congress played important roles on defining political development and major policy issues in the next 5 years. In this paper, we will examine conditions and requirements for cadres to be promoted to power circle, and to evaluate whether cadres with affiliation to Communist Youth League (CYL) might have better chances to get promoted. In addition, elites enter CCP’s Politburo in the 17 th Party Congress will succeed President Hu Jintao as leaders in the 18 th Congress. Conduct our analysis during April 2007, we employed members and alternate members of central committees of the 16 th Party Congress as analytic units to explore factors such as age, education, overseas education, faction, governing performance, experience in central government and/or local government, governing experience in important provinces or metropolitan areas, along with symbolic indicators such as ethnic backgrounds, gender, and social science training for predicting the probability of being recruited to the CCP central committee. Several trends and characteristics can be identified in the eliterecruitment and local governance in the 17 th Party Congress. First, new leaders will be equipped with local governing experience, capability, and interest, so they will have a broader view on their policies. Second, leaders in the central government still control local personnel and marginalize their challengers. Third, market reforms might weaken the dominant roles of the central government, but the central government might still regain its control through resources allocation. Fourth, in order to maintain stable social order, the central government provides more resource on welfare expenditure.