Starting in October 1950, Chinese People's Volunteers swarmed into the Korean battlefield to join the fight against the Union Army. After five battles, the total number of Chinese war prisoners was around 21,000. These war prisoners were first put at the Pusan shelter. But they later were moved to the shelter on the island of Oedo and were split into two compounds, the 72(superscript nd) and the 86(superscript th). Due to ideological differences these war prisoners could not get along with each other. Some supported the Communists (the pro-communists) and some against them. About 7000 war prisoners were pro-communists and they were put in the 62(superscript nd) compound. The remaining 14,000 war prisoners were anti-communist. These prisoners firmly refused to be sent back to the Communist China and chose to settle down in Taiwan. Their slogan was "to return to Taiwan whole-heartedly, and to destroy the communists with all their lives." These people were the so-called "Anti-cummunist Fighters of the Korean War." Their influence was far-reaching because later on there were more than 170,000 mainlanders seeking political refuge in Taiwan. They were the so-called "Anti-communist Fighters." The term "Anti-communist Fighters" was originated from "the 27(superscript th) propaganda" of the KMT Central Committee, which was published on August 6(superscript th), 1953. The term was formally acknowledged by the central government of Taiwan shortly afterwards and became widely used.The archives referred to in this paper include Archives of National Defense, Archives of Foreign Ministry, documents collected at Academia Historica, memoirs of Shao Yu-lin and Wang Tung-yuan (Taiwan's Ambassadors to Korea) and many other reports and papers written by people in charge of the matter, including Chen Chien-chung, Lai Ming-tang, Chiang Ching-kuo, etc.This paper focuses on the process of transporting the anti-communist fighters back to Taiwan and their placement. This is a point that has never been touched upon before. The following issues are discussed in five sections in this paper: (1) the origination of the term, "Anti-communist Fighters," (2) the supports for the anti-communist fighters, including the establishment of the Psychological Warfare and the activities of other supporting committees, (3) the process of transporting anti-communist fighters to Taiwan and the number of the fighters, (4) the relocation of the fighters, (5) the movement of the Freedom Day and the influence of the fighters in Taiwan. In other words, this paper discusses how the government of Taiwan sent her party members to Korea to organize anti-communist workforce before the transportation of the fighters. Furthermore, supports for the fighters came from diverse sources, including the government, the KMT party, the military forces, and civilian organizations. There is a detailed description of the official negotiation of the KMT government in Korea, the process of transport, the number and status of the fighters, the help from the USA, the arrival and relocation of the fighters in Taiwan, and their influence on the public.