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題名：伴侶之社會比較及其對個體自我評價的影響
書刊名：教育與心理研究
作者：吳瑜懷／孫蒨如 引用關係
作者(外文)：Wu, Yu-hwai／Sun, Chien-ru
出版日期：2011
卷期：34:4
頁次：頁29-56
主題關鍵詞：比較層面；自我評價；伴侶比較；社會比較；親密關係；Comparison dimension；Self-evaluation；Partner comparison；Social comparison；Close relationship
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本研究主要探討個體在進行伴侶之社會比較時，可能的比較層面、比較對象，以及比較結果對個體自我評價可能造成的影響。過去社會比較研究多以自己本身為比較的主體，甚少論及個體如何將自己伴侶與他人加以比較，本研究則針對此不足之處，進行探討。研究一結果顯示，當在能力層面進行社會比較時，個體會選擇與伴侶相似的他人做為比較對象，而對伴侶人際情感層面的表現則會同時考慮到自己與對方的相似性及伴侶與對方伴侶的相似性。研究二結果則顯示，若伴侶的能力層面表現不若對方伴侶時，個體對伴侶的評價會下降，但本身自我評價則反而提高。而在人際情感層面，伴侶表現不如對方伴侶時，若個體本身與對方相似，個體對伴侶的評價及本身的社會自尊均會下降。
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible impact of the close partner's social comparison process. The author tried to investigate who would be considered as the appropriate comparison target for one's close partner and the possible impacts of the comparison on one's self-evaluation and the evaluation of the close partner. Experiment 1 examined how one selected the comparison target for one's close partner when facing different comparison dimensions. The results indicated that, when facing the dimension relates to ability, one tended to choose someone who is similar with one's close partner as the comparison target. Meanwhile, when facing the affect dimension, one would consider both the similarity between oneself and the other and the similarity between one's close partner and the other's close partner. The result of experiment 2 showed that if other's close partner outperformed one's close partner on the ability dimension, one would have lower evaluation of his/her partner, but one's own self-evaluation would become even higher. A compensation effect and a cut off effect were proposed to explain this phenomenon. On the other hand, if one's close partner was not as good as other's close partner on the affect dimension, one's self-evaluation and the evaluation of one's own close partner were both decreased. Further implications were also discussed.
期刊論文
1.Fletcher, G. J. O.、Simpson, J.、Thomas, G.、Giles, L.(1999)。Ideals in intimate relationships。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，76，72-89。  new window
2.Buunk, B. P.、Collins, R. L.、Taylor, S. E.、Van Yperen, N. W.、Dakof, G. A.(1990)。The affective consequences of social comparison: Either direction has its ups and downs。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，59(6)，1238-1249。  new window
3.黃堅厚(19850600)。「社會興趣」的測量及其和其他人格品質的相關。教育心理學報，18，1-15。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Heatherton, T. F.、Polivy, J.(1991)。Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，60(6)，895-910。  new window
5.Festinger, Leon(1954)。A theory of social comparison processes。Human Relations，7(2)，117-140。  new window
6.Snyder, C. R.、Lassegard, M. A.、Ford, C. E.(1986)。Distancing after group success and failure: Basking in reflected glory and cutting off reflected failure。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，51(2)，382-388。  new window
7.Spanier, Graham B.(1976)。Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: New Scales for Assessing the Quality of Marriage and Similar Dyads。Journal of Marriage and the Family，38(1)，15-28。  new window
8.Beach, S. R. H.、Tesser A.、Fincham, F. D.、Jones, D. J.、Johnson, D.、Whitaker, D. J.(1998)。Pleasure and pain in doing well, together: An investigation of performance-related affect in close relationships。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，74，923-938。  new window
9.Boen, F.、Vanbeselaere, N.、Feys, J.(2002)。Behavioral consequences of fluctuating group success: An internet study of soccer-team fans。Journal of Social Psychology，142，769-781。  new window
10.Buunk, B. P.、Oldersma, F. L.、de Dreu, C. K. W.(2001)。Enhancing satisfaction through downward comparison: The role of relational discontent and individual differences in social comparison orientation。Journal of Experimental Social Psychology，37，452-467。  new window
11.Fincham, F. D.、Beach, S. R.、Baucom D. H.(1987)。Attribution processes in distressed and nondistressed couples: Self-partner attribution differences。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，52，739-748。  new window
12.Hodges, S. D.、Bruininks, P.、Ivy, L.(2002)。It’s different when I do it: Feature matching in self-other comparisons。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，28，40-53。  new window
13.Aron, A.、Aron, E. A.、Tudor, M.、Nelson, G.(1991)。Close relationships as including other in self。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，60，241-253。  new window
14.Gagné, F. M.、Lydon, J. E.(2004)。Bias and accuracy in close relationships: An integrative review。Personality and Social Psychology Review，8，322-338。  new window
15.Lockwood, P.、Dolderman, D.、Sadler P.、Gerchak, L.(2004)。Feeling better about doing worse: Social comparisons in romantic relationships。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，87，80-95。  new window
16.Knee, C. R.、Patrick, H.、Lonsbary, C.(2003)。Implicit theories of relationships: Orientations toward evaluation and cultivation。Personality and Social Psychology Review，7，41-55。  new window
17.Murray, S. L.、Holmes, J. G.、Griffin, D. W.(1996)。The benefits of positive illusions: Idealization and the construction of satisfaction in close relationships。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，70，79-98。  new window
18.Miller, P. J. E.、Rempel, J. K.(2004)。Trust and partner-enhancing attributions in close relationships。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，306，695-705。  new window
19.Rusbult, C. E.、Van Lange, P. A. M.、Wildschut, T.、Yovetich, N. A.、Verette, J.(2000)。Perceived superiority in close relationships: Why it exists and persists。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，79，521-545。  new window
20.Schutz, A.(1999)。It was your fault! Self-serving biases in autobiographical accounts of conflicts in married couples。Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，16，193-208。  new window
21.Van Lange, P. A. M.、Rusbult, C. E.(1995)。My relationship is better than-and not as bad as-yours is: The perception of superiority in close relationships。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，21，32-44。  new window
22.Gagne, F. M.、Lydon, J. E.(2001)。Mindset and relationship illusions: The moderating effects of domain specificity and relationship commitment。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，27，1144-1155。  new window
學位論文
1.何春吉(1997)。自我肯定對內團體偏私現象的影響(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.王梅君(1993)。社會支援的知覺評估、自我尊嚴及生活壓力對身心症狀的影響(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Tesser, A.(1988)。Toward a self-evaluation maintenance model of social behavior。Advances in experimental social psychology。New York：Academic Press。  new window
2.Beach, S. R. H.、Tesser, A.(1995)。Self-esteem and the extended self-evaluation maintenance model: The self in social context。Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem。New York：Plenum Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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