2011 年11 月媒體報導蘭嶼核廢料貯存場附近檢測出鈷60 和銫137。本文結合環境正義和科技與社會理論觀點，探討蘭嶼核廢料風險評估與管制爭議中，公民行動如何挑戰官方科學論述和環境不正義問題。蘭嶼個案凸顯風險資訊與知識的鴻溝、居民承受多重不公平的交錯、及「應做卻未做的科學」。蘭嶼部落不同世代的反核行動者與反核團體以多元行動表達其訴求，並挑戰官方的輻射管制標準與監測方式。核能管制與研究機構間複雜的共生網絡弱化了科學知識生產的可信度和釋出的風險資訊。本文建議在制度設計上必須強化資訊透明、地方參與和課責性、納入預警原則，並賦權地方族人在風險評估科學知識產製和核廢料治理上扮演關鍵角色，重構部落族人的環境健康風險與福祉。

News media have reported that a researcher detected cobalt 60 and cesium 137 near the nuclear waste repository on Orchid Island in November 2011. This research combined the theoretical perspectives of environmental justice and science and technology studies (STS) to explore risk assessment and the regulatory controversies related to nuclear waste, and how citizen action challenges official scientific claims and problems of environmental injustice. The case highlights the risk knowledge gap, the interplay of multiple injustices, and the problem of undone science. Different generations of indigenous antinuclear waste activists on Orchid Island have collaborated with expert activists and antinuclear organizations to form hybrid antinuclear alliances. These groups took action to express their demands and challenged official regulatory standards and test methods. The complex interest network of nuclear regulatory and research institutions has weakened the credibility of scientific knowledge production and the release of risk information. Institutional design must empower local indigenous people to play a critical role in knowledge production and nuclear waste governance and health risk assessment to seek a solution that is responsive to the local social and cultural rationales and distributive equity.