The general concept or definition of Bushido has not been satisfactory to any thinkers or scholars. And the concept or definition concerning Bushido does vary owing to different time and occasion. It is owing to this fact that the study of Bushido is far from conclusion. During its encounter with the different value system from the West, the traditional values of Japan went through unprecedented changes. The moral standard and the life principles which samurai had followed received some new and modern some interpretation and presentation in the book Bushido, The Soul of Japan by Nitobe Inazou (18621933). As a result, Japanese in modern time had one more option in their moral education. This paper, taking as its subject Bushido and modern age, will examine the criticism which Hukuzawa Yūkichi (1835-1901), a Japanese thinker devoted to promoting modern Western enlightenment, has had of feudal system of Tokugawa period. It will then proceed to analyze the samurai image equipped with the point of view of Christian morals in Nitobe Inazou’s Bushido. The final part of the paper will discuss how Japan, when faced with the modern West, had its self-criticism and attempted to imitate the West.