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題名:"To Shut Our Eyes Is Travel": Nineteenth-Century Imaginary Journeys and Dickinson's Virtual Europe
書刊名:文山評論:文學與文化
作者:Finnerty, Páraic
出版日期:2018
卷期:11:2
頁次:頁61-96
主題關鍵詞:Emily DickinsonVirtualityIk MarvelHenry Wadsworth LongfellowTransatlanticEurope
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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In an October 1870 letter Emily Dickinson told her friend Elizabeth Holland: "To shut our eyes is Travel" (L354). As Dickinson is usually a figure associated with reclusive confinement rather than worldly travel, this aphoristic comment has not received much attention, even though travel and geographical imagery pervades her writings. Recent scholarship on nineteenth-century virtual travel provides a new approach to the function and frequency of global references and the travel motif in Dickinson's work as a recurrent means of representing psychological complexity, imaginational scope, and nature's inexplicability. Drawing on this research, this essay focuses primarily on the regularity and specificity of Dickinson's references to Europe or to journeying there. Dickinson's European imagery is interpreted as evidence of her participation in a broader nineteenth-century US cultural representation of transatlantic experience through conceptions of the virtual. Two examples of nineteenth-century armchair or fireside travel to Europe by Ik Marvel and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow exemplify how relations between the US and Europe are established through virtual tropes of being neither here nor there, being both outside and inside a specific location or situation, and occupying an objective and subjective position simultaneously. Like her contemporaries, Dickinson uses nineteenth-century notions of virtuality to construct topographical and experiential spaces that are transatlantic ones of duality and liminality. Dickinson's virtual Europe unsettles her era's discourses of nationalism and exceptionalism; it demonstrates that sets of relations between presence and absence, actual and imagined, and local and foreign fundamentally inform daily life and identity in the US
期刊論文
1.Eberwein, Jane Donahue(1996)。'Siren Alps': The Lure of Europe for American Writers。Emily Dickinson Journal,5(2),176-182。  new window
2.Finnerty, Páraic(2009)。Rival Italies: Emily Dickinson, John Ruskin and Henry James。Prose Studies: History, Theory, Criticism,31(2),113-125。  new window
3.Giles, Paul(2011)。'The Earth reversed her Hemispheres': Dickinson's Global Antipodality。Emily Dickinson Journal,20(1),1-21。  new window
4.Hallen, Cynthia L.、Nielson, Malina M.(2006)。Emily Dickinson's Place Names。Names: A Journal of Onomastics,54(1),5-21。  new window
5.Mitchell, Domhnall(2000)。Northern Lights: Class, Color, Culture, and Emily Dickinson。Emily Dickinson Journal,9(2),75-83。  new window
6.Spiro, Lisa(2003)。Reading with a Tender Rapture: Reveries of a Bachelor and the Rhetoric of Detached Intimacy。Book History,6,57-93。  new window
圖書
1.Holmes, Richard(2008)。The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science。London:Harper Press。  new window
2.Stowe, William W.(1994)。Going Abroad: European Travel in Nineteenth-Century American Culture。Princeton:Princeton University Press。  new window
3.Farr, Judith(1992)。The Passion of Emily Dickinson。Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press。  new window
4.Dickinson, Emily、Franklin, R. W.(1998)。The Poems of Emily Dickinson。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
5.Eberwein, Jane Donahue(1985)。Dickinson: Strategies of Limitation。Amherst:University of Massachusetts Press。  new window
6.Dimock, Wai Chee(2006)。Through Other Continents: American Literature Across Deep Time。Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press。  new window
7.O'Connor, Ralph(2007)。The Earth on Show: Fossils and the Poetics of Popular Science, 1802-1856。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。  new window
8.Brodhead, Richard H.(1993)。Cultures of Letters: Scenes of Reading and Writing in Nineteenth-Century America。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。  new window
9.Buzard, James(1993)。The Beaten Track: European Tourism, Literature, and the Ways to "Culture", 1800-1918。Oxford:Oxford UP。  new window
10.Byerly, Alison(2013)。Are We There Yet: Virtual Travel and Victorian Realism。Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press。  new window
11.Colligan, Colette、Linley, Margare(2011)。Media, Technology, and Literature in the Nineteenth Century: Image, Sound, Touch。Famham:Ashgate。  new window
12.Dickinson, Emily、Johnson, Thomas H.、Ward, Theodora(1958)。The Letters of Emily Dickinson。Cambridge, MA:Harvard UP。  new window
13.Frank, Armin Paul、Maas, Christel-Maria(2005)。Transnational Longfellow: A Project of American National Poetry。Frankfurt:Peter Lang。  new window
14.Giles, Paul(2011)。The Global Remapping of American Literature。Princeton:Princeton UP。  new window
15.Giles, Paul(2002)。Virtual Americas: Transnational Fictions and the Transatlantic Imaginary。Durham:Duke UP。  new window
16.Jarenski, Shelly(2015)。Immersive Words: Mass Media, Visuality, and American Literature, 1839-1893。Tuscaloosa:The University of Alabama Press。  new window
17.Larcom, Lucy(1876)。Roadside Poems for Summer Travellers。Boston:James R. Osgood and Company。  new window
18.Marvel, Ik(1904)。Reveries of a Bachelor, or, A Book of the Heart, 1850。New York:George Munro's Sons。  new window
19.Miller, Cristanne(2012)。Reading in Time: Emily Dickinson in the Nineteenth Century。Amherst:University of Massachusetts Press。  new window
20.Patterson, Rebecca(1979)。Emily Dickinson's Imagery。Amherst:University of Massachusetts Press。  new window
21.Peel, Robin(2010)。Emily Dickinson and the Hill of Science。Fairleigh Dickinson University Press。  new window
22.Richards, Eliza(2013)。Emily Dickinson in Context。Cambridge:Cambridge UP。  new window
23.Wood, Gillen D'Arcy(2001)。The Shock of the Real: Romanticism and Visual Culture, 1760-1860。New York:Palgrave。  new window
圖書論文
1.Colligan, Colette、Linley, Margaret(2011)。[Media, Technology, and Literature in the Nineteenth Century: Image, Sound, Touch] Introduction。Media, Technology, and Literature in the Nineteenth Century: Image, Sound, Touch。Famham:Ashgate。  new window
2.Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth(1877)。Travels by the Fireside。Poems of Places。Boston:James R. Osgood and Company。  new window
3.Menke, Richard(2011)。The Wordsworths' Daffodils: On the Page, upon the Inward Eye, in Their Media Ecology。Media, Technology, and Literature in the Nineteenth Century: Image, Sound, Touch。  new window
4.Plunkett, John(2013)。Moving Panoramas c. 1800 to 1840: The Spaces of Nineteenth-Century Picture-Going。19: Interdisciplinary Studies in the Long Nineteenth Century。Birkbeck, University of London。  new window
5.Stauffer, Andrew M.(2015)。[Virtual Victorians: Networks, Connections, Technologies] Introduction。Virtual Victorians: Networks, Connections, Technologies。New York:Palgrave MacmillanPrint。  new window
6.Voelz, Johannes(2017)。Transnationalism and Nineteenth-Century Literature。The Cambridge Companion to Transnational American Literature。Cambridge:Cambridge UP。  new window
7.Wilbur, Richard(1963)。Sumptuous Destitution。Emily Dickinson: A Collection of Critical Essays。Englewood Cliffs:Prentice-Hall。  new window
 
 
 
 
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