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題名：動態複雜案例之處方性實驗研究--管理學習實驗室、系統思考、績效與學習不對稱
書刊名：中山管理評論
作者：王思峰 引用關係
出版日期：1994
卷期：2:3
頁次：頁93-118
主題關鍵詞：動態複雜案例；管理學習實驗室；系統思考；績效與學習不對稱；系統動力學；Dynamic complexity task；Learning laboratory；Systems thinking；Dissociation between performance and learning；System dynamics
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(10) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:10
  • 點閱點閱:43
動態複雜問題實為一重要而困難的課題，然而，直接關切於動態複雜案例的處方性研究不但不多，以往研究更疏於採系統性、客觀性的實驗室實驗法。本研究因而在科於學習的實驗條件下，操弄心智模式系統邊界與動態行為歸因二因子，期望能夠帶來深層學習與較佳績效。結果顯示，實驗操弄因子對績效有著正面的影響，但其效果約僅發生於前2-3局，然而，整體的績效卻隨著練習仍不斷的有著顯著改進，而且，僅有一位受測者顯示出深入的學習。回頭按驗實驗設計之假設前提－受測者採用心智模式模擬策略，發現在大約自第三局起，大部份受測者採認知資源需求較低的前饋控制策略，這或使得實驗操弄約自第三局起失去作用，是以決策、績效雖仍繼續改進，但受測者卻沒有深入的學習。最後，本研究概化了此「績效與學習不對稱」現象，並討論了“為何”與“如何”克服此不對稱問題的後績研究方向。
　　Studies conducted in recent years have shown that humanbeings are poor problem solver in dynamic complexity task. However, little prescriptive research was done by experimental method. This study examines the feasibility of improving performance and learning in dynamic complexity task by providing the learning aids of system boundary of mental model" and "attribution of system's dynamic behavior". This paper reports a laboratory experiment in which subjects managed a set of reversible trials with a computerized Beer Game task, where the conditions for learning are excellent. Results indicate that the manipulations only worked in the 1st and 2nd trials. However, subjects' performance was still significantly improved through practice, but little deeper learning was detected in final. After carefully examining the cognitive strategies used by subjects, it is found that the effects of manipulation were eliminated after 3rd trial, wherein the mental model simulations strategy was replaced by the feedforward control strategy. The feedforward control strategy then caused the dissociation between performance and learning. Phenomenon of the dissociation is generalized. Methods to overcoming the dissociation are discussed.
期刊論文
1.Brehmer, B.、Domer, D.(1993)。Experiments with Computer-Simulated Microworlds: Escaping Both the Narrow Straits of the Laboratory and the Deep Blue Sea of the Field Study。Computers in Human Behavior，9，171-184。  new window
2.Domer, D.(1980)。On the Difficulties People Have in Dealing with Complexity。Simulation and Gaming，11(1)，76-106。  new window
3.Senge, Peter M.、Sterman, John D.(1992)。Systems Thinking and Organizational Learning: Acting Locally and Thinking Globally in the Organization of the Future。European Journal of Operational Research，59(1)，137-150。  new window
4.Berry, D. C.、Broadbent, D. E.(1984)。On the relationship between task performance and associated verbalizable knowledge。The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology，36(2)，209-231。  new window
5.Berry, D. C.、Broadbent, D. E.(1987)。The Combination of Implicit and Explicit Learning Processes。Psychological Research，49，7-15。  new window
6.Graham, Alan K.、Morecroft, John D. W.、Senge, Peter M.、Sterman, John D.(1992)。Model-supported case studies for management education。European Journal of Operational Research，59(1)，151-166。  new window
7.Bakken, Bent、Gould, Janet、Kim, Daniel(1992)。Experimentation in Learning Organizations: A Management Flight Simulator Approach。European Journal of Operational Research，59(1)，167-182。  new window
8.王思峰、林文琄(1993)。系統思考調整滯延系列三：預測與生產間的辯證。中衛簡訊，93。  延伸查詢new window
9.Einhorn, H. J.、Hogarth, R. M.(1978)。Confidence in Judgement: Persistence of the Illusion of Validity。Psychological Review，56，465-485。  new window
10.Isaacs, William、Senge, Peter M.(1992)。Overcoming Limits to Learning in Computer- Based Learning Environment。European Journal of Operational Research，59(1)，183-196。  new window
11.Kleinmuntz, D. N.、Thomas, J. B.(1987)。The Value of Action and Inference in Dynamic Decision Making。Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes，39，341-364。  new window
12.Richmond, B.(1993)。Systems Thinking: Critical Thinking Skills for the 1990 and Beyond。System Dynamics Review，9(2)，113-134。  new window
13.Sengupta, K.、Abdel-Hamid, T. K.(1993)。Alternative Conceptions of Feedback in Dynamic Decision Environments: An Experimental Investigation。Management Science，39(4)，411-428。  new window
14.Sterman, J. D.(1989)。Misperception of Feedback in Dynamic Decision Making。Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process，43，301-335。  new window
15.Sterman, John D.(1989)。Modeling Managerial Behavior: Misperceptions of Feedback in a Dynamic Decision Making Experiment。Management Science，35(3)，321-339。  new window
16.王思峰(19940900)。動態複雜案例之處方性實驗研究--管理學習實驗室、系統思考、績效與學習不對稱。中山管理評論，2(3)，93-118。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.Berry, D. C.、Broadbent, D. E.(1988)。Interactive tasks and the implicit-explicit distinction。British Journal of Psychology，79，251-272。  new window
18.Hogarth, Robin M.(1981)。Beyond Discrete Biases: Functional and Dysfunctional Aspects of Judgmental Heuristics。Psychological Bulletin，90(2)，197-217。  new window
研究報告
1.楊碩英、王思峰(1992)。企業經營決策學習實驗室之實驗研究 (計畫編號：NSC81-0301-H-110-10)。  延伸查詢new window
2.Paich, M.、Sterman, J. D.(1992)。Boom, Bust, and Failures to Learn in Experimental Market (計畫編號：3441-92-BPS)。MIT Sloan School of Management。  new window
學位論文
1.Diehl, E.(1992)。Effects of Feedbacks Structure on Dynamic Decision Game(博士論文)。Sloan School of Management。  new window
2.Vennix, J. A. M.(1990)。Mental Models and Computer Models: Design and Evaluation of a Computer-Based Learning Environment for Policy-Making(博士論文)。The University of Nijmegen。  new window
圖書
1.Lyneis, J. M.(1980)。Corporate planning and Policy Design: A System Dynamics Approach。Cambridge, Mass：MIT Press。  new window
2.Richardson, G. P.(1991)。Feedback Thought in Social Science and Systems Theory。Philadelphia：University of Pennsylvania Press。  new window
3.金觀濤、華國凡(1988)。控制論與科學方法論。台北：谷風出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.Schön, Donald A.(1983)。The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action。Basic Books, Inc.。  new window
5.Forrester, J. W.(1931)。Industrial Dynamics。Cambridge. MA：Cambridge, MA：MIT Press：Productivity Press。  new window
6.Jarmain, W. E.(1963)。Problems in Industrial Dynamics。Cambridge, MA：MIT Press。  new window
7.Senge, P. M.(1990)。The fifth discipline: the art and practice of the learning organization。Doubleday Currency。  new window
8.謝長宏(1987)。系統動態學：理論、方法與應用。中興管理顧問。  延伸查詢new window
9.門田安宏、黃一魯(1987)。豐田式生產體系。財團法人中國生產力中心。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.楊通誼(1991)。從系統動力學在麻省理工史隆管理學院發展的近況談起，高雄：中山大學管理學院系統思考與組織學習研究室。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Forrester, J. W.(1975)。Counterintuitive Behavior of Social Systems。Collected Papers of Jay W. Forrester。Cambridge, MA：Productivity Press。  new window
2.Brehmer, B.(1990)。Strategies in Real Time Dynamic Decision Making。Insights in Decision Making。The University of Chicago Press。  new window
3.Brehmer, B.(1987)。Systems Design and the Psychology of Complex Systems。Empirical Foundations of Information and Software Science III。New York：Plenum Press。  new window
4.Funke, J.(1991)。Solving Complex Problems: Exploration and Control of Complex Systems。Complex Problem Solving: Principles and Mechanisms。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
5.Rockart, J. F.、Short, J. E.(1991)。The Networked Organization and Management of Interdependence。The Corporation of the 1990s。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
6.Simon, H. A.、Langley, P.(1989)。The Central Role of Learning in Cognition。Models of Thought。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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