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題名:明清土司被“和平改流”的途徑、原因及善後研究
書刊名:廣西民族研究
作者:馬國君李紅香
出版日期:2017
卷期:2017(6)
頁次:115-125
主題關鍵詞:土司和平改流國家認同土司制度TusiThe bureaucratization of native officersNational identificationTusi system
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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"改土歸流"是明清時期朝廷依法對土司進行有效管理的重要舉措。從實現途徑看,大致分為"武力改流"與"和平改流"兩類。"和平改流"主要指朝廷通過非暴力手段,將自愿呈請改流以及違規、無嗣等土司廢除,并在其領地內置流官府州縣,派駐流官加以管理,最終實現從土司治理到流官治理的行政轉型。此類轉型由于是不流血的"和平改革",故有利于地方社會穩定、經濟發展、文化交流等。因此梳理、分析這一改流途徑、原因及善后舉措,對于豐富和完善土司學研究有著積極意義。
The bureaucratization of native officials is an important measure of the effective administration of Tusi in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to the ways to achieve the goal, it can be divided into two types: a violent or a peaceful one. The latter mainly refers to the non-violent means through which the imperial court abolishes the Tusi who accepts the new policy voluntarily, as well as who has done something illegal or has no heirs. Then, the imperial court will set administrative divisions and send officials to govern. Finally, it achieves the administrative transformation from Tusi rule to official administration. The transformation is a peaceful reform and it benefits the stability of local society,economic development,and cultural exchanges. Therefore,the analysis of this process has great significance in enriching and improving the study of Tusi.
 
 
 
 
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