By the integration of the dynasty-state through the Tusi system by leaders of Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,Tusi of various ethnic minorities became the key elites that exerted great influences over the southwestern region and local people. Some of the historic experiences of state governance included the following aspects:firstly,emphasis were put on the authorities of dynasties,strengthening the concept of nation for leaders of ethnic minority groups in frontier areas in order to make them normalized by the kingship and alignment with the central government;Secondly,fortifying interference by the kingship in the inheritance of Tusi,military requisition,evaluation of moralization and national duties like tribute presentation to the state,and "caging"their power. Thirdly,constructing national identity of Tusi by Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, awarding the obedient and responsible local officials, and punishing the disobedient and illegal officials; Fourthly,strengthening governance over the ethnic minority groups in frontier areas and safeguarding their power and interests of Tusi under their rules. In this way,the study on the Tusi of various ethnic minorities,the key elites in the governance of southwestern region by the authorities of Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties, can provide a references in the move to strengthen Party self-discipline and state governance.