在社會轉型期,中國城鄉家庭在結構和功能上已經和正在發生深刻變化。既有研究或單純基於個體家庭、家戶進行分析,或對個體家庭、家戶和家混合考察,難以識別家庭的構成特徵、成員範圍,無法把握家庭及其變動的整體狀態,即難以解釋和回應新時期的家庭問題。打破既有研究的碎片化傾向,在整合的視角下,通過引入"直系組家庭"概念,將個體家庭、家戶的"家內"分析和直系組內各單元家庭的"家際"考察結合起來,促使家庭研究由對民眾單個居住載體的"家內"分析為主轉向注重對親緣關係成員多個獨立生活單位互動狀態的"家際"考察,兼顧三者的分、合關係。這一努力有助於把握新時期親緣關係成員的"家內"生存狀態、"家際"相互支持能力及相應問題,從而在推進相關領域學術研究的同時對當代家庭政策的制定和實踐有所啟示。

In this transitional period of society, families in both urban and rural areas in China have experienced and are experiencing deep structural and functional changes. Most existing research is simplistically based on the analysis of individual families and households or blended studies of individual families, households and homes, which makes it hard to identify families’ constituent features and membership and prevents us from grasping their overall state and changes in that state. That is, existing research finds it hard to interpret and respond to the issue of the family in the new era. This article breaks with the fragmented tendency of existing research, and, using an integrative perspective, combines the "intra-family" analysis of individual families and households with the "inter-family" survey of each family unit within a lineal group by introducing the concept of "lineal group family." We recommend that the study of the family turn from concentration on "intra-family" analysis of single resident carriers among the populace to research that values "interfamily" surveys of the interactive state of multiple independent consanguineous living units, while simultaneously taking into account the relationship of separation/unification among the three. This endeavor will help us grasp the "intra-family" state of consanguineous relations and the capacity for mutual "interfamily" support and corresponding issues in this new era. This offers a thought provoking approach to the establishment and implementation of contemporary family policy and promotes academic research in the relevant spheres.