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題名:太極拳運動對老年人認知功能之執行控制影響之探討
作者:豐東洋 引用關係
作者(外文):Dong-Yang Fong
校院名稱:國立體育大學
系所名稱:教練研究所
指導教授:季力康
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2011
主題關鍵詞:認知身體活動老化額葉補償機制cognitivephysical activityagingfrontalcompensatory mechanism
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究的目的是探討從事太極拳運動之老年人,與其他老年人組比較是否有較佳的認知功能促進效果。實驗參與者分為太極拳老人組、運動老人組、坐式生活老人組及年輕對照組各20名,共計80名參與者。每位參與者分別接受Stroop作業及轉換作業的認知測驗,並以事件關連電位的方法偵測P300成分與反應時間;此外,根據大腦老化之額葉補償機制,進一步分析P300振幅及P300皮質圖譜資料,以驗證由神經造影研究所發展之ODFI及HAROLD理論。研究結果顯示:1. 在Stroop作業中,四組參與者之P300潛伏時間及振幅沒有顯著差異;年輕人之反應時間顯著快於三個老人組,老人組之間沒有顯著差異。2. 在轉換作業中,年輕人之P300振幅、潛伏時間及反應時間顯著優於三個老人組,運動老人組及太極拳老人組在P300振幅、潛伏時間及反應時間顯著優於坐式生活老人組。3. 在Stroop作業中,額葉-頂葉的額葉補償機制驗證ODFI假說;在轉換作業中,額葉側化及額葉-頂葉的額葉補償機制驗分別驗證HAROLD假說及ODFI假說。4. P300振幅皮質圖譜的分佈中,太極拳運動老人有較完整的額葉補償現象,且在轉換作業時有較明顯的右側活化現象。結論:本研究的結果支持老化與身體活動二個因素會顯著影響認知表現,從事太極拳運動老年人在認知表現上雖有表現較佳的趨勢,但認知促進效果未達顯著水準。
The purpose of current study is to explore the enhance effect on cognition which engaged in high cognitive type physical activity (Tai Chi Chuan) and compare the difference among three older groups. Participants were total 80, include 20 Tai Chi Chuan older, 20 exercise older, 20 sedentary older and 20 younger. The event-related potential (ERP) P300 components and behavioral data of response speed and accuracy were measured by Stroop task and switch task. Base on the frontal compensatory of aging brain that analysis the P300 amplitude and P300 scalp topography to prove the ODFI theory and HAROLD theory. Results indicate: 1. Stroop task, the P300 components were no difference among the participants, and reaction time of younger was faster than three older groups, no difference among three older groups. 2. Switch task, the P300 amplitude, latency and reaction time were larger and faster than three older groups, exercise older and Tai Chi Chuan older were larger and faster than sedentary older in P300 amplitude, P300 latency and reaction time. 3. The frontal-parietal compensatory mechanism was support the ODFI theory in Stroop task, and frontal-parietal compensatory mechanism and frontal asymmetry compensatory mechanism were support the ODFI theory and HAROLD theory separately in switch task. 4. High cognitive type physical activity older had complete frontal compensatory in P300 scalp topography and had obviously right asymmetry activate in switch task. Conclusion: the results were support the factors of aging and physical activity significant affect the cognitive performance, and not support the hypothesis of this study which high cognitive type physical activity had better enhance effect in cognitive performance.
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