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題名:李彌部隊退入緬甸期間(1950∼1954)所引起的幾項國際事件
書刊名:人文及社會科學集刊
作者:覃怡輝
作者(外文):Chin, Tom Yee-huei
出版日期:2002
卷期:14:4
頁次:頁561-604
主題關鍵詞:李彌部隊緬甸向聯合國控訴白紙方案天案撤臺案Limi's troopsOperation paperOperation heavenBurma's complaint to UNOperation repatriation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 點閱點閱:127
     1950年2月,駐守雲南的國軍不敵中共解放軍的攻勢,分批退入緬甸避難,這批部隊後來統歸李彌指揮,因此也就統稱之為李彌部隊。這批部隊遠處滇緬邊區,補給斷絕,連基本生存都發生問題,當然也就談不上發展和表現,但是由於韓戰的爆發,美國在韓戰局部化的政策下,不願將戰場擴大到朝鮮半島以外,以致無法阻擋中共「志願軍」源源不斷的進入朝鮮,杜魯門基於牽制中共部隊和培植李彌為中國的「第三勢力」雙重目的,批准了中情局一個下屬單位所建議的「白紙方案」,決意由中情局暗中支援李彌部隊,由雲南進軍中國大陸,牽制中共軍隊,以減輕美軍在韓國戰場所遭受到的壓力。李彌部隊因為得到了這個外來的援助,才能在遙遠的邊疆內陸地區生存發展。 因為李彌部隊所處地區,四周都被他國包圍,唯一可對外聯絡的路線是泰國的陸路。而泰國因為在歷史上曾被緬甸征服數次,與緬甸素為世仇,能與世界首強的美國結盟,則可倚為靠山;美國為籌組對抗北韓軍的聯合國部隊,正派員勸說泰國加盟,泰國總理披汶為爭取美國的經濟和軍事援助,不但答應參加韓戰的聯合國部隊,而且一併答應秘密協助美國支援李彌,以強化美泰之間的關係,並掩飾其在戰時的「聯日」紀錄。 雖然隨著緬甸的控訴案,臺灣國府依然企圖只撤退兩千人,以應付聯合國的決議案;同時實行「天案」,讓不撤者以克倫軍的身份繼續留在緬甸。這本來是李部繼續留在緬甸的一線機會,但李部因對「天案」缺乏信心,不敢貿然實施,卻陽奉陰違,另行推出「東南亞自由人民反共聯軍」的組織,結果弄巧反拙,無法以克倫軍身份繼續留在緬境,也無法讓出六個緬方堅持必須讓出的產糧基地,以致讓台灣當局認為,李部在緬甸已無法繼續生存,而在稍後對李部做了「全撤」的決策。
     Limi's troops encamped in Yunnan were forced to infiltrate Burma as a sanctuary in Febuary 1950, fleeing the onslaught of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Generally, Limi's troops would be unable to survive in such a remote border area without supplies, not to mention develop and perform. After the outbreak of the Korean War and the US policy to contain it, the allied army failed to withstand the onslaught of the PLA. In order to distract the PLA from Korea and set up the "Third Force" of China, President Truman approved "Operation Paper" proposed by the CIA's Office of Policy Co-ordination. The purpose was to support Limi's troops to attack Yunnan in ordrer to impede the PLA's plans on the Korean Peninsula. Limi's troops were able to survive and develop due to these outside supplies. As the remote border area encamped by Limi's troops was surrounded by other countries, its only supply route was through Thailand. As Thailand had been conquered by Burma several times historically and the US could protect Thailand if it allied with the US, Plaek Pibumsongkhram, the Thai premier, not only joined the allies in the Korean War, but also promised to give assistance to Operation Paper. There was a further incentive: the premier wanted to make up for its alliance with Japan in World War II.. Facing complaints from Burma, the ROC tried to comply by repatriating only 2,000 men to Taiwan. In "Operation Heaven," the rest of Limi's troops were to remain in Burma disguised as the Karen army. But this operation was not carried out due to lack of confidence. Instead, they proposed another organization,"The Allied Army of Free People of Southeast Asia." Under this new strategy, they could not cope with the demand of Burma to relinquish six key food top roduction areas. This led the ROC to believe that Limi's troops could not survive in Burma any longer. Therefore, they made a decision to repatriate Limi's troops completely.
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15.國防部史政編譯局(1950)。滇桂越緬邊國軍戰況及劉嘉樹等部求援情形,0。  延伸查詢new window
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21.國防部史政編譯局(1953)。雲南反共救國軍由緬甸回國案,0。  延伸查詢new window
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29.國防部史政編譯局。李彌入滇工作計畫。  延伸查詢new window
30.國防部史政編譯局。李彌呈滇緬匪情戰況及補給情形。  延伸查詢new window
31.國防部史政編譯局。請求赴滇緬邊區軍事任務及建議。  延伸查詢new window
32.國防部史政編譯局。滇緬邊區游擊部隊活動經費。  延伸查詢new window
33.國防部史政編譯局。雲南反共救國軍由緬甸回國案。  延伸查詢new window
34.國防部史政編譯局。雲南戡亂作戰經過概要。  延伸查詢new window
35.國防部史政編譯局。滇邊我軍殲匪戰果及匪情。  延伸查詢new window
36.國防部史政編譯局。滇桂越緬邊國軍戰況及劉嘉樹等部求援情形。  延伸查詢new window
37.國防部史政編譯局。國軍在滇桂康越部署作戰經過。  延伸查詢new window
38.國防部史政編譯局。游擊部隊編裝案。  延伸查詢new window
39.國防部史政編譯局。外交案。  延伸查詢new window
40.中華民國外交部。緬境國軍。  延伸查詢new window
41.中華民國外交部。留緬國軍所獲各項情報。  延伸查詢new window
42.中華民國外交部。第七屆聯大討論緬甸控我侵略。  延伸查詢new window
43.中華民國外交部。第八屆聯大辯論緬甸控我案情形。  延伸查詢new window
44.中華民國外交部。緬控我侵略案資料。  延伸查詢new window
45.中華民國外交部。緬甸控告我國侵略。  延伸查詢new window
46.中華民國外交部。緬甸控我侵略案所提各項證件。  延伸查詢new window
47.中華民國外交部。緬甸在聯大控我國留緬國軍。  延伸查詢new window
48.中華民國外交部。緬甸誣控案。  延伸查詢new window
49.中華民國外交部。緬境游擊部隊續撤案。  延伸查詢new window
50.中華民國外交部。葉部長與藍欽、杜勒斯等談話紀錄案。  延伸查詢new window
51.中華民國外交部。滇緬邊境游擊隊。  延伸查詢new window
52.中華民國外交部。緬境游擊部隊撤退案剪報。  延伸查詢new window
53.國史館。蔣中正籌筆(戡亂時期)。  延伸查詢new window
54.國史館。領袖特交檔案整編資料(341冊)。  延伸查詢new window
55.李彌文件。  延伸查詢new window
56.Foreign Relations of the United States(Vol.6),Washinton D.C.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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