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題名：類別舉例產生作業中處理層次對自動記憶的影響
書刊名：中華心理學刊
作者：許瑛珍
作者(外文)：Hsu, Jane Y. J.
出版日期：2003
卷期：45:2
頁次：頁139-155
主題關鍵詞：無意識記憶；概念驅動測驗；處理層次；歷程分離程序；Implicit memory；Conceptually driven test；Level of processing effect；LoP；Process-dissociation procedure；PDP
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本文是以四個實驗，檢測自動激發記憶在類別舉例產生作業中的語意處理層次(LoP)效果。實驗一利用典型的「歷程分離程序(PDP)」，將自動激發記憶與意識回想記憶分開，結果顯示自動激發記憶並無LoP效果。實驗二則以修飾的PDP模式加上傳統的間接性指導語方式，其所測得的自動激發記憶與過去的研究相似，具顯著的LoP效果。實驗三和四重複實驗一和二的實驗設計，但延長學習和測試的時間間距為20分鐘，實驗結果分別與實驗一和二相似。綜合本研究結果顯示:(a)利用傳統的間接性指導語所測得的非意識記憶，常已是受意識回想記憶的污染;(b)在某些情況下，利用「歷程分離程序」所測得的意識回想記憶，可能會有低估的情形。
Four experiments were conducted to assess effects of level-of-processing on automatic memory in a category-exemplar production test. In Experiment 1, the process-dissociation procedure was used to separate automatic memory from recollection in the test. Results showed no effect of LoP on estimates of automatic memory. Experiment 2 investigated LoP effects on automatic memory in the test estimated by a modified version of the process-dissociation procedure and on that estimated from performance on an indirect version of the test. Consistent with conventional indirect studies, results of Experiment 2 showed a positive effect of LoP on automatic memory. Experiments 3 and 4 were the same as Experiments 1 and 2 except that the interval between study and test phases was set at 20 min. LoP effects in Experiments 3 and 4 were the same as those in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. These results suggest that (a) unconscious memory measured by conventional indirect tests is contaminated by conscious memory, and (b) conscious memory separated by the process-dissociation procedure may be underestimated under some conditions.
期刊論文
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研究報告
1.吳瑞屯、劉英茂(1987)。中文字詞語音、語義屬性的研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Reingold, E. M.、Toth, J. P.(1996)。Process dissociations versus task dissociations: A controversy in progress。Implicit cognition。Oxford。  new window
2.Ebbinghaus, H.(1964)。Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology。Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology。New York, NY。  new window
3.Jacoby, L. L.、Yonelinas, A. P.、Jennings, J. M.(1996)。The relation between conscious and unconscious (automatic) influences: A declaration of independence。Scientific approaches to consciousness。Mahwah, NJ。  new window
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5.Schacter, D. L.(1989)。On the relation between memory and consciousness: Dissociable interactions and conscious experience。Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honour of Endel Tulving。Hillsdale, NJ。  new window
6.Squire, L. R.(1986)。Memory and brain。Memory and brain。New York, NY。  new window
圖書論文
1.Tulving, E.(1972)。Episodic and semantic memory。Organization of memory。New York：Academic Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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