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題名：情感錯誤歸因程序的歷程分離：激發後校正模式
作者：林思賢
作者(外文)：Shih-hsien Lin
校院名稱：國立中正大學
系所名稱：心理學所
指導教授：高泉豐
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2009
主題關鍵詞：激發後校正模式；歷程分離；情感錯誤歸因程序；多項式樹狀歷程模式；自動化與控制式歷程；affect misattribution procedure；automatic and controlled process；multinomial process tree modeling；postactivation correction model；process dissociation
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本研究運用多項式樹狀歷程模式，建構激發後校正模式來解釋態度內隱測量－情感錯誤歸因程序，並進行歷程分離。此模式的三個參數，分別表徵態度自動化激發、錯誤歸因及正向偏誤，說明態度對象激發個體情感後，控制式的校正歷程可壓抑錯誤歸因。研究一發現此模式可解釋實證資料，研究二發現重複曝光次數影響新態度的自動化激發。研究三以心向促發影響錯誤歸因，著重相異的心向促發會降低錯誤歸因的機率。研究四發現先前作業的反應偏向與區段的疲勞效果影響正向偏誤。先前作業的反應偏向與喜好反應相容時，正向偏誤值較高；增加區段使正向偏誤值降低，並降低對負向促發的錯誤歸因機率。研究五操弄態度對象的評價極端性與反應時間限制，發現評價極端性影響自動化激發；反應時間限制影響校正歷程，造成錯誤歸因機率提高，展現自動化與控制式歷程的雙重分離。本研究結果顯示情感錯誤歸因程序不只涉及態度自動化激發，也受到控制式的校正歷程影響。
A postactivation correction model (PCM) is proposed to represent the cognitive processes underlying an implicit measure of attitudes, the affect misattribution procedure (AMP). The PCM is a multinomial process tree model with 3 parameters: the probability of attitude automatic activation (AC), the probability of misattribution (MA), and the positive bias (PB). The PCM postulates that after the affect is activated, a controlled correction process can inhibit the likelihood of misattribution. Study 1 supported that the PCM can fit empirical data. Study 2 revealed that AC was varied as a function of prior repeated exposures to attitude objects. Study 3 found that a mind-set priming task eliciting a dissimilarity focus decreased MA. Study 4 showed that the response bias established by a detection task and increasing trial blocks jointly affected PB. The PB was higher when the response bias and the pleasant key were compatible than incompatible. Increasing trial blocks decreased PB, and reduced MA after a negative prime. Study 5, manipulating attitude extremity and response window independently, resulted in a double dissociation between AC and MA. Specifically, extreme attitude objects enhanced AC, whereas response window increased MA. These findings suggest that the AMP not only reflects the automatic activation process, but also involves controlled correction process.
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