In 1998-1999, the new Courses of Study curriculum was introduced to Japanese education for all grade levels from pre-school through high school. The Japanese government set 2000-2001as the transition period in which preparations would be made for this new program, with the understanding that it would be implemented by April, 2002 for the elementary and junior high school levels and by April, 2003 for the senior high school level. This new curriculum sought to reduce the study load for young students by allocating 5 days a week to class time. This research project analyzed the transition procedures for the Japanese curriculum by exploring the workings of the Japanese government’s educational administrative sectors, as well as the public school administrations, with regard to promoting and preparing for this new curriculum during the transition period. This project therefore focused on the role of both the Japanese government and school administrations in developing and promoting the new curriculum. As a new nine-year curriculum has been recently promoted in Taiwan, such as comparison with the Japanese experience is clearly necessary and important.