In light of the "written-form borrowing" between Chinese and Japanese, the present study attempts to investigate the characteristics of logography as linguistic signs. Firstly it deals with the phenomenon as how the Chinese logographs have been functioning as a cross-cultural mediator between Chinese and Japanese regardless of their respective historical changes as well as the environmental influences on the two languages. In Western, written signs are generally considered an instrument for recording spoken languages. Logography, however, has not only instrumental functions of this kind, but also plays an important role in cognition for its users. Hence, the Western alphabetic and the Chinese logographic writing systems will be compared in respect of their linguistic properties and psycholinguistic reality when used as cognitive signs. On the basis of the comparison, we will discuss how different speech communities might use different linguistic means, namely the auditory phonetic or the visual pictographic ones, to perceive and capture the world.