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題名:Comic Spaces in Shakespeare's History Plays
書刊名:NTU Studies in Language and Literature
作者:鄭惠芳
作者(外文):Cheang, Wai Fong
出版日期:2007
卷期:18
頁次:頁145-166
主題關鍵詞:莎士比亞文藝復興時期劇場戲劇性歷史歷史劇喜劇空間ShakespeareRenaissance theatresTheatricalityHistoryHistory playsComic spaces
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文藝復興時期的倫敦劇院係位於城區外,依據穆藍尼(Mullaney) 的觀點,這種地緣關係的配置正好使其成為放浪形骸的特許場所,得以透過劇場的戲劇性而在舞台上盡情地對主流的意識形態加以玩弄、嘲諷。本文藉由穆藍尼對文藝復興時期劇場空間之詮釋為出發點,探討莎翁歷史劇裏的喜劇空間。依常理推測,關於文藝復興時期的歷史記載不僅是屬於當政者的權力範圍,更應該是受到嚴密的控管與審查。歷史的論述空間理應專屬於君王及具歷史開創性的各種英雄人物所擁有,然而,當歷史被莎翁搬上舞台時,其經由戲劇性所創造的歷史可能性就遠非編纂史家所可想像,原本在歷史上無關緊要的人物及事件也成了賣點。例如在第二輯四部曲中的福斯塔(Falstaff)、在《亨利六世》第二部中的傑克.凱德(Jack Cade)以及在《約翰王》中的私生子等,他們皆搶盡了風頭,藉由似是而非、顛三倒四的言論而製造出令人不禁莞爾的效果。他們所營造出的喜劇空間,不僅使得歷史發展邏輯的因果關係暫時停擺,甚至進而反諷君王及英雄的行事邏輯與論述。在莎翁的歷史劇中,這些看似不受控管的喜劇空間,正反應出當時劇場放浪形骸的特性。
Steven Mullaney writes that Renaissance theatres in London, because they were located on the outskirts of the city, were able to become places of licensed licentiousness where the dominant ideologies of the day could be played against the theatricality of the stage. This paper takes Mullaney’s view of Renaissance theatrical space as a point of departure to examine comic spaces in Shakespeare’s history plays. Presumably, Renaissance historiography, as a discursive space reserved exclusively for the nobility and history-making figures, belonged to the power center and was, therefore, strictly censored. Yet when history appears in Shakespeare’s history plays, the theatricality of the peripheral stage made it possible to say more than what could be found in official historiography. These plays could slide between historical figures and events and the unhistorical drama offered by characters such as Falstaff, in the second tetralogy, Jack Cade, in the second part of Henry VI, and the Bastard in King John. These characters’ transgressive or distorted values are good for a laugh, but also create a comic space in which it was possible to suspend the logic of officially sanctioned history and mock the unacknowledged rationale underlining the actions of the crown and heroic figures. Such unruly comic spaces in Shakespeare’s history plays are, I argue, reflective of the licentious aspects of the Renaissance theatre.
期刊論文
1.McGuire, Richard L.(1967)。The Play-within-the Play in 1 Henry IV。Shakespeare Quarterly,18(1),45-52。  new window
2.Pye, Christopher(1994)。The Theater, the Market, and the Subject of History。ELH,61(3),501-523。  new window
圖書
1.Dusinberre, Juliet(1975)。Shakespeare and the Nature of Women。New York, NY:St. Martin's。  new window
2.Shakespeare, William(1960)。King Henry IV。London:Methuen。  new window
3.Berry, Ralph(1988)。Shakespeare and Social Class。New Jersey:Humanities。  new window
4.Chute, Marchette(1949)。Shakespeare of London。New York:E. P. Dutton。  new window
5.Greenblatt, Stephen(2004)。Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare。NY:Norton。  new window
6.Manheim, Michael(1973)。The Weak King Dilemma in the Shakespearean History Play。NY:Syracuse UP。  new window
7.Montrose, Louis A.(1996)。The Purpose of Playing: Shakespeare and the Cultural Politics of the Elizabethan Theatre。Chicago:U of Chicago P。  new window
8.Mullaney, Steven(1988)。The Place of the Stage: License, Play, and Power in Renaissance England。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。  new window
9.Sheppard, Francis(1998)。London: A History。Oxford:Oxford UP。  new window
10.Smidt, Kristian(1982)。Unconformities in Shakespeare's History Plays。London:Macmillan。  new window
11.Tames, Richard(1992)。A Traveller's History of London。London:Cassell。  new window
12.Grene, Nicholas(1992)。Shakespeare's Tragic Imagination。London:MacMillan。  new window
13.Shakespeare, William(1966)。King Henry IV。London:Methuen。  new window
14.Shakespeare, William(1954)。King Henry V。London:Methuen。  new window
15.Shakespeare, William(1962)。King Henry VI。London:Methuen。  new window
16.Shakespeare, William(1957)。King Henry VI。London:Methuen。  new window
17.Shakespeare, William(1954)。King John。London:Methuen。  new window
18.Kantorowicz, Ernst H.(1957)。The King's Two Bodies: A Study in Medieval Political Theology。Princeton University Press。  new window
其他
1.Friedberg, Harris(2005)。Riot and Liberties,http://hfriedberg.web.wesleyan.edu/wescourses/2005f/engl205/01/histories/riotandliberties.htm, 2005/02/20。  new window
圖書論文
1.Ure, Peter(1961)。[King Richard II] Introduction。King Richard II。London:Methuen。  new window
2.Vaughan, Virginia M.(1989)。King John: A Study in Subversion and Containment。King John: New Perspectives。Newark:University of Delaware Press。  new window
3.Dusinberre, Juliet(1990)。King John and Embarrassing Women。Shakespeare Survey。New York:Cambridge University Press。  new window
4.Honigmann, E. A. J.(1954)。[King John] Introduction。King John。London:Methuen。  new window
5.Smallwood, R. L.(1986)。Shakespeare's Use of History。The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare Studies。Cambridge:Cambridge UP。  new window
 
 
 
 
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