This thesis aims to analyze the distinctiveness of the philosophies of two great masters in early Qing dynasty known as Fang Yizhi (方以智,字密之,1611-1671) and Wang Fuzhi (王夫之,字而農,1619-1692), and to estimate their significance in history. The complicatedness involved in the subject is brought about by two main causes: Firstly, both of them developed in their own way a unique system which is not easy to identify its nature. Secondly, in spite that a great number of successful researches are accumulated in the studies of the trend of thought in their time, there are still some missing links which are alien to academics. Basing on his previous studies, the author not only intends to explore some clues that were hidden beneath the trend, but also tries to reconstruct through comparison a meaningful dialogue of thought between these two thinkers. The result of the study may lead to a brand-new understanding of their contribution.