本文採用Maniadakis與Thanassoulis的成本面Malmquist(CM)生產力分析法，但改採變動規模報酬的生產技術下來分解CM爲純技術效率變動指數、生產技術變動指數、配置效率變動指數、價格變動指數與成本規模效率變動指數。由實證結果分析，1995-2003年銀行產業整體之生產面生產力指數估計均接近於1.0。與台灣的銀行產業利用Färe et al.(1994)所提出生產力指數方法之實證文獻結論相同。但由CM顯示台灣銀行產業的成本面生產力有5%的上升，可歸功於投入要素價格變動與成本規模效率變動對成本面生產力的正面影響，這一現象是無法從生產面生產力與成本面固定規模生產技術假設的分解可以得到的結果。

This paper uses the input-oriented Malmquist productivity index (IM) and the dual cost Malmquist productivity index (CM) to estimate and identify the sources of the productivity change in the Taiwanese banking industry. In this paper, a variable returns-to-scale production technology is assumed, and the CM productivity change is decomposed into pure technical efficiency change, technical change, allocative efficiency change, an input-price effect, and cost scale efficiency change. The proposed decomposition is a modification of the Maniadakis and Thanassoulis (2004) approach under the assumption of constant returns to scale technology. Empirical results show that between 1995 and 2003, the industry-wide IM were near 1.0, indicating no improvement in productivity in the banking industry. However, the estimate for CM shows a 5% productivity change, which is mainly due to cost saving reflected by the input-price effect and improvement in scale efficiency. This improvement in productivity in the Taiwanese banking industry would most likely be not identified were the analysis conducted using either the input-oriented (IM) or the output-oriented (OM) Malmquist productivity approach.