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來源文獻資料
摘要
外文摘要
引文資料
題名:
從生態素養到生態智慧
書刊名:
環境教育研究
作者:
郭實渝
作者(外文):
Kuo, Shih-yu
出版日期:
2010
卷期:
8:1
頁次:
頁43-62
主題關鍵詞:
生態素養
;
生態智慧
;
環境主義
;
自然哲學
;
Ecological literacy
;
Ecological intelligence
;
Environmentalism
;
Philosophy of nature
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
3
) 博士論文(
2
) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
3
共同引用:0
點閱:45
Orr的生態素養觀點,建立了對生態環境及人與環境關係的教育,不論是在建構永續生存環境的理念及了解,還是環境的永續條件,都成為培育生態素養的指標。13年後,McCallum的生態智慧在同一個理想下,更強調由個人生命內在發出對環境、自然,以及個人情感上的生態體認,不但以理性思考取得資訊,更能將它們融入個人用心的感受、接受與想像。目前對環境的思考及環境教育的實施仍在理性了解與理論建構的情況下,即使能傳承生態文化,仍無法以整個人的生命去體會、認識,甚至想像。本文循著此線索,論述今日的環境思考的方向,已經不能只掌握單方面,或走向極端的民間運動,如環境主義運動,以及只吸收資訊的純粹理性思考,而需要全面的、中肯的,以及發自內心的環境體認。筆者由三方面討論目前環境哲學的思考方向:(1)往向全面的反省,不再是單方向的主張,而是全面的考量;(2)不是極端的兩方面立場的論述,而是中間、持平的論述,特別是在哲學面的;(3)上述兩方面的思考應該歸結到個人生態智慧的培養,不是只彙集資訊、瞭解資訊甚至知識的累積而已,而是培養生態智慧;不僅培養生態素養,而且需要增加生態智慧的體認。
以文找文
When Orr introduced the concept of ecological literacy, it became a guide for environmental education. In recent years, McCallum has used ecological intelligence to expand Orr's ideas to include the interactive relationship between human beings and their environment. Not only do humans understand nature by rational thinking and information gathering, but also by harmoniously blending into natural processes by accepting, feeling and imagining a connection to nature. Following this lead, the purpose of this article is threefold. First, the environmental movement has doubts about its effectiveness and is concerned about its future impact, I will argue the reason might be that environmental movements tend to focus on single issues; for instance, the recent single-mindedness on global warming. Second, environmentalists go to somewhat extreme measures in their explanations of environmental issues, with the intention of making a strong impression on the public. We need philosophical discourses on our ecological situation. Third, there is a belief that both of the aforementioned issues may be solved by logical thinking and objective philosophical studies. However, I would argue that this approach is not enough. My conclusions include (1) environmental movements should not focus on a single issue; (2) environmental discourses should take on fair and unbiased viewpoints, especially with philosophical consideration; and (3) we need to cultivate our ecological intelligence. Thus, our environmental education should involve the ecological literacy advocated by Orr, as well as the ecological intelligence as described by McCallum.
以文找文
圖書
1.
Barnes, P.(2006)。Capitalism 3.0: A guide to reclaiming the commons。San Francisco, CA:Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.。
2.
Brown, L.(2001)。Eco-economy.。New York:WW. Norton & Company.。
3.
Foss, J. E.(2009)。Beyond environmentalism: A philosophy of nature.。Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Publication.。
4.
Foster, John Bellamy(2002)。Ecology against capitalism。New York:Monthly Review Press。
5.
Foster, J. B.(2006)。Naked imperialism: The U. S. pursuit of global dominance.。New York:Monthly Review Press。
6.
Gore, A.(2006)。An inconvenient truth.。New York:Rodale books.。
7.
Hart, S. L.(2005)。Capitalism at the crossroads.。Upper Saddle River, NJ:Wharton School Publishing。
8.
Kirkman, R.(2002)。Skeptical environmentalism: The limits of philosophy and science.。Bloomington, IN:Indiana University Press.。
9.
Lomborg, B.(2001)。The skeptical environmentalist: Measuring the real state of the world。Cambridge University Press.。
10.
McKibben, B.(2007)。Deep economy.。New York:Henry Holt & Company.。
11.
Orr, D.(2002)。The nature of design: Ecology, culture, and human intention.。New York:Oxford University Press。
12.
Palmer, J. A.(1998)。Environmental education in 21st century: Theory, practice, progress and promise。London:Routledge Press。
13.
Prakash, M. S.(1995)。Whose ecological perspective? Bringing ecology down to earth.。Critical conversations in philosophy of education。New York:Routledge Press。
14.
Spencer, R. W.(2008)。Climate confusion: How global warming hysteria leads to bad science, pandering politicians and misguided policies that hurt the poor.。New York:Encounter Books。
15.
Bowers, C. A.(1993)。Critical essays on education, modernity, and the recovery of the ecological imperative。New York:London:Teachers College Press。
16.
Snow, C. P.(1964)。The two cultures and a second look。Cambridge University Press。
17.
Ihde, D.(1993)。Philosophy of Technology: An introduction。New York, NY:Paragon House Press。
18.
Orr, David W.(1992)。Ecological Literacy: Education and the Transition to a Postmodern World。State University of New York Press。
19.
Carson, Rachel(1962)。Silent Spring。Houghton Mifflin。
20.
Cooper, D. E.(1995)。Technology: Liberation or Enslavement?。Philosophy and Technology。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。
21.
McCallum, I.(2008)。Ecological Intelligence: Rediscovery Ourselves in Nature。Golden, CO:Fulcrum Publishing。
其他
1.
Cronk, R.(1996)。Consumerism and the new capitalism.,http://www.westland.net/venice/art/cronk/consumer.htm, 20050815。
2.
Wikipedia(2009)。Green revolution.,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Revolution, 20090820。
3.
Shellenberger, M.,Nordhaus, T.(2005)。The death of environmentalism.,http://www.grist.org/cgi-bin/printthis.p1?uri=/news/maindish/2005/01/03/doe-., 20090330。
4.
Werbach, A.(2005)。Is environmentalism dead?,http://www.grist.org/news/maindish/2005/01/13/werbach-reprint/index.html, 20090401。
圖書論文
1.
Heidegger, M.(1977)。The question concerning technology.。Martin Heidegger: Basic writings。New York:Harper and Row Publishers Inc。
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