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題名:光說不安全是不夠的:美牛風險、管制理論與政策選擇
書刊名:國家與社會
作者:黃之棟 引用關係黃瑞祺
作者(外文):Huang, Morgan Chih-tungHuang, Richard Ruey-chyi
出版日期:2010
卷期:9
頁次:頁151-188
主題關鍵詞:風險風險社會管制自由預防原則科技與社會RiskRisk societyRegulationSTSPrecautionary principle
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:12
  • 點閱點閱:99
因為我們日常生活的一舉一動與風險息息相關,風險與現代 社會可說是如影隨形。為能有效控制風險,政府與私人企業無不 依賴科學的精密計算來對風險進行管控。本文以2009年所發生的 美國牛肉進口問題來闡析不同政策選擇背後的價值觀衝突。我們 認為,美牛事件表面上看來只是風險的問題,但實際上由於風險 與管制是一體的兩面,因此這個議題也牽涉到吾人對自由、平等 議題的看法。作者在結論處指出,正因為風險是一種社會的選擇 而不是一種科學的決定,因此我們不能依賴科學家來替我們做出 抉擇。
After some cases of mad cow disease were found in the US, the Taiwanese government swiftly imposed a total ban on US beef. In 2009, the Taiwanese and US governments signed a trade agreement stating that Taiwan will re-open its market to US beef. This agreement immediately invited bitter opposition. Some insist that US beef is not safe; others however demand further evidence. This article examines the moral dilemmas that regulators are facing on this issue. We argue that in most risk-regulation debates, root differences lie in values and preferences, rather than science and facts. Thus, “how safe/risky is safe/risky enough" is not a scientific/legal question, but a social one. We further suggest that although it is important to know the risk of mad cow disease, it is equally, if not more, important to recognize the fact that regulations which are meant to control such disease are also risky.
期刊論文
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4.黃之棟、黃瑞祺(20100700)。管不管都危險:論風險的管制與管制的風險。科技法律透析,22(7),23-39。  延伸查詢new window
5.黃之棟、黃瑞祺(20090600)。環境正義的經濟向度:環境正義與經濟分析必不相容?。國家與社會,6,51-102。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.楊婉苓(20030100)。預防原則對GMO爭議之反省。科技法律透析,15(1),47-62。  延伸查詢new window
7.楊婉苓(20021200)。預防原則對GMO爭議之反省。科技法律透析,14(12),57-62。  延伸查詢new window
8.陳瑞麟(20030800)。風險生活、科技規範與風險生死學--反省科技帶來的死亡風險。東吳哲學學報,8,125-161。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.黃俊夫(2006)。預防原則(The Precautionary Principle)導言--節錄聯合國教育、科學及文化組織2005年3月發表。生活科技教育,36(6),15-22。  延伸查詢new window
10.黃樹仁(2009)。新流感、美國牛 全力表演;農藥過量 老問題認命了…公衛辯論 喜新忘舊 因小失大。聯合報,A19版。  延伸查詢new window
11.高津融男(2004)。予防原則は政策の指針として役立つか。現代社会研究,第7期,163-175。  延伸查詢new window
12.Cross, F. B.(1995)。When Environmental Regulations Kill: The Role of Health/Health Analysis。Ecology Law Quarterly,22,729-784。  new window
13.Cross, F. B.(1996)。Paradoxical Perils of the Precautionary Principle。Wash & Lee L. Rev .,53,851-1571。  new window
14.Babich, A.(2003)。Too Much Science in Environmental Law。Columbia Journal of Environmental Law,28(1),119-184。  new window
15.Breyer, S.(1994)。Beyond the Vicious Circle。New York University Environmental Law Journal,3,251-254。  new window
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17.Cross, F. B.(1998)。Facts and Values in Risk Assessment。Reliability Engineering and System Safety,59(1),27-40。  new window
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19.Friedman, D.(1998)。The Environmental Racism Hoax。The American Enterprise,9,75–77。  new window
20.Graham, J. D.、Richardson, E.(1995)。Ranking Risk Inequities。Risk: Health, Safety & Environment,6,359-372。  new window
21.Graham, J. D., Beaulieu, N. D.(1999)。Who Lives Near Coke Plants and Oil Refineries? An Exploration of the Environmental Inequity Hypothesis。Risk Analysis,19(2),171-186。  new window
22.Knox, W. D.(1996)。Regulatory reform: The present Viability of Risk Assessment。Wisconsin Environmental Law Journal,3,49-65。  new window
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24.Lopata, H.(1983)。Social Construction of Social Problems over Time。Soc. Soc. Probs .,31,249-272。  new window
25.Peel, J.(2004)。Precaution: A Matter of Principle, Approach or Process。Melbourne Journal of International Law,5(2),483-501。  new window
26.Ringquist, E. J.(1997)。Equity and the Distribution of Environmental Risk: The Case of TRI Facilities。Social Science Quarterly,78(4),811-829。  new window
27.Sunstein, C. R.(2002)。The Paralyzing Principle。Regulation,25(4),32-37。  new window
28.Van den Belt, H.(2003)。Debating the Precautionary Principle: ‘Guilty until Proven Innocent’ or ‘Innocent until Proven Guilty’?。Plant Physiology,132(3),1122-1126。  new window
29.洪德欽(2008)。預防原則在WTO 的規定與實踐。中央研究院週報,1180,3-4。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Graham, J. D.(1995)。Comparing opportunities to reduce health risks: Toxin control, medicine and injury prevention。Dallas, TX:National Center for Policy Analysis。  new window
2.Yearley, S.(1991)。The Green Case: a Sociology of Environmental Issues, Arguments and Politics。The Green Case: a Sociology of Environmental Issues, Arguments and Politics。London, UK/ New York, NY:HarperCollins Academic。  new window
3.Breyer, Stephen G.(1993)。BREAKING THE VICIOUS CIRCLE: TOWARD EFFECTIVE RISK REGULATION。Breaking the Vicious Circle: Toward Effective Risk Regulation。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
4.Sunstein, Cass R.(2005)。Laws of fear: Beyond the precautionary principle。Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Hannigan, John(2006)。Environmental Sociology。NY:Routledge。  new window
6.National Research Council(1983)。Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process。National Academies Press。  new window
7.Graham, J. D.、Wiener, J. B.(1995)。Risk Versus Risk: Tradeoffs in Protecting Health and the Environment。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
8.Babbie, E. R.(2005)。The Basics of Social Research。Thomson/Wadsworth。  new window
9.Blaikie, N. W. H.(2000)。Designing Social Research: The Logic of Anticipation。Polity Press。  new window
10.Irwin, A.(2001)。Sociology and the Environment: A Critical Introduction to Society, Nature, and Knowledge。Malden, MA。  new window
11.Sandman, P. M.(1993)。Responding to Community Outrage: Strategies for Effective Risk Communication。Fairfax, VA。  new window
12.Foreman Jr, C. H.(2003)。Three Political Problems for Environmental Justice。Our Backyard: A Quest for Environmental Justice。Oxfore。  new window
單篇論文
1.周桂田(2009)。欠缺科技民主與世代正義之風險決策,http://stm.ym.edu.tw/article/239。  延伸查詢new window
2.Viscusi, W. K.,Gayer, T.(2002)。Safety at Any Price?,http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/regv25n3/v25n3-12.pdf。  new window
其他
1.(20091026)。美國的牛肉與台灣的民生。  延伸查詢new window
2.賴秀穗(2009)。認識狂牛病、放心吃牛肉,http://food.doh.gov.tw/foodnew/Files/Focus/%E8%AA%8D%E8%, 20100220。  延伸查詢new window
3.聯合晚報社論(2009)。我們確實知道真像是什麼嗎?。  延伸查詢new window
4.聯合報社論(2010)。修法廢約是濫情理盲,http://udn.com/NEWS/OPINION/OPI1/5351130.shtml, 20100120。  延伸查詢new window
5.謝顯堂(2009)。臺灣進口牛肉之健康風險分析,http://food.doh.gov.tw/FOODNEW/Files/Focus/%E8%87%BA%E7%, 20100205。  延伸查詢new window
6.韓玉瑛(2009)。吵美牛…弱勢孩子還餓著。  延伸查詢new window
7.(2009)。美國不能因牛肉毀了國譽,http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/091107/128/1uhax.html。  new window
8.自由時報(2009)。司徒文「機車說」 蔡英文嗆:可事前防為何不防,http://iservice.libertytimes.com.tw/liveNews/news.php?no=286831&type=%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB, 20100810。  延伸查詢new window
9.工商時報(2010)。社論:推動公共決策理性專業與溝通協調缺一不可,http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,110514+122010010600386,00.html$20100106。  延伸查詢new window
10.(20091105)。楊:牛肉有風險,吃太好也有風險,http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,110501+112009110500065,00.html。  new window
11.中國時報(2009)。美牛叩關 立院修法 美:片面毀約 事態嚴重,http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/091231/4/1xyai.html, 20091230。  延伸查詢new window
12.中國時報(2009)。社論:理盲當道 防疫治絲益棼,http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,11051402+112010010500399,00.html, 20100106。  new window
13.中國時報(2010)。美牛教訓:重大政策須先溝通好,http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Content/0,4521,11051402+112010010600087,00.html, 20100106。  延伸查詢new window
14.中國時報社論(2009)。從米酒到牛肉的教訓。  延伸查詢new window
15.(20091024)。美國牛肉風險低,http://news.chinatimes.com/CMoney/News/News-Page-content/0,4993,11050703+122009102400277,00.html。  new window
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17.仇佩芬,張翠芬(2009)。司徒文:吃美牛比騎機車安全。  延伸查詢new window
18.王寓中,曾韋禎(2009)。馬稱吃美牛風險不如抽菸 被罵無知,http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2009/new/nov/8/today-t2.htm, 20100810。  延伸查詢new window
19.自由時報(2009)。美牛絞肉進口 專家:風險比內臟高10倍,http://iservice.libertytimes.com.tw/liveNews/news.php?no=285523&type=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83, 20100810。  延伸查詢new window
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35.彭宣雅(2009)。專家:狂牛症病例少 政府應該加強風險溝通。  延伸查詢new window
36.楊舒媚(2009)。問題不在機率小。  延伸查詢new window
37.經濟日報社論(2009)。牛肉問題仍要用正道解決。  延伸查詢new window
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