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題名:清代前期竹刻藝術初探
書刊名:故宮學術季刊
作者:嵇若昕
出版日期:1995
卷期:13:2
頁次:頁49-91+左3-4
主題關鍵詞:嘉定封氏施天章吳之璠薄地陽文薄地陽刻周顥南宗張希黃李希喬潘西鳳揚州八怪Chia-tingthe FengsShih T'ien-changWu Chih-fan"Po-ti-yang-wen""Po-ti-yang-K'o"Chou HaoSouthern SchoolChang Hsi-huangLee Hsi-Ch'iaoP'an Hsi-feng"Eight eccentries of Yangchou
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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     清代前期(順治朝至乾隆中期,十七世紀中葉至十八世紀中葉偏晚),社會上由朝代的變革動亂中逐漸安定,此時竹刻藝術中心在江蘇嘉定一邑,「嘉定竹器為他處所無」,而且「非嘉定人不能傳此法」。嘉定竹刻不但聲名遠播,而且聲震內廷,「與古銅、宋磁諸器並重,亦以入貢內府。」 當時嘉定地區的竹人甚夥,各有所長。其中,封氏一門與施天章擅長以竹子的地下莖雕製立雕人物,並曾在清朝內務府造辦處供職;康熙中晚期的吳之璠除承襲嘉定派雕鏤傳統,擅長高浮雕、立雕及鏤空等技法外,更以「薄地陽文」(又稱「薄地陽刻」,即淺浮雕)為人稱道;周顥(一六八五-一七七三)則變浮雕為陰刻,善於運用陰刻技法雕飾南宗山水與竹石紋飾,有別於前人與同時代其他竹人。上述諸人在嘉定地區竹刻藝術傳統中各擅勝場,舉足輕重,並且各具劃時代的意義。 清代前期,中國竹刻工藝除了江蘇嘉定外,其他地區也有竹器之製造。但是這些在當時比較著名的竹人,或者是未有傳人,或者未能受到比較廣泛的重視(如同時代的嘉定竹人),因此他們的藝術未曾蔚然成風,迅燃即滅。其中,張希黃以擅長「留青陽文」而受後人推崇;李希喬因清初翰林院侍讀施閏章的記載而留名;潘西鳳則不但同時代的友人--「陽州八怪」之一的鄭燮曾將他事蹟載入文集,亦有作品傳世,實屬難得。
     In the early Ch'ing Dynasty (from the Shun-chih period to the middle Ch'ien-lung period, from mid-17th century to mid-18th century), the society went steady from the change of government gradually. At that time, the center of Chinese bamboo carving was on Chia-ting county, Chiang-su province. "Except Chia-ting, there were no similar bmaboo carvings on other places," and "just the Chia-ting carvers could know the technique of bamboo carving." Not just known by commons, the bamboo carvings of Chia-ting were known by the emperors and offered to the imperial like the old bronzes and the Song dynasty ceramics. At that time, there were many bamboo carvers on Chia-ting and they had there own specialities. For example, the Fengs' and Shih T'ien-chang's specialities were bamboo shoot carvings, and some of them had been working in the imperial workshop. Wu Chih-fan, actived in the middle and the late K'ang-hsi period, could countiue the tradition of the Chia-ting carving which were in high relief, in the round and in openwork. Otherwise, he was famous of "Po-ti-yang-wen" (also called "po-ti-yang-k'o" which was one kind of low relief). ゞ Chou Hao (1685-1773) changed the releif into the intaglio. He excelled in using the intaglio to carve the decors of the Southern School landscape, bamboo and stone. These were the differences between Chou Hao and those who were the carvers of the earlier or the same period. They all played an impaortant space in the history of the Chia-ting bamboo carving. In the early Ch'ing Dynasty, except the Chia-ting area, there were the bamboo carvings in other places also. Some of the famous bamboo carvers in other places did not have students and some of them were not noticed like the Chia-ting bamboo carvers in the same time. Therefore, their arts could not become fashionable. In this paper, three of them were discussed: Chang Hsi-huang excelled in "liu-ch'ing-yang-wen". Because of being recorded in the book of Shih Jun-chang (1618-1683) who was a famous official. Lee Hsi-ch'iao was known. ゞ Not only P'an Hsi-feng was recorded in the book of Cheng hsieh (1693-1765) ho was a famous painter and one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangchou", but also he left several works; therefore, he was luckier than the others.
期刊論文
1.嵇若昕(19880600)。明代雕刻家「嘉定三朱」〔朱鶴、朱纓、朱稚征〕。故宮學術季刊,5(4),1-56。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.楊伯達(1982)。清代蘇州雕漆始末--從清宮造辦處檔案看清代蘇州雕漆。歷史博物館館刊,1982(4),123-138。  延伸查詢new window
3.嵇若昕(19910300)。清初嘉定竹人吳之璠及其作品研究。故宮學術季刊,8(3),59-104。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.莊永貴(1987)。周顥的竹刻藝術。上海博物館集刊,1987(4月號),349-356。  延伸查詢new window
5.王世襄(1983)。竹刻辨偽。文物,1983(2),87。  延伸查詢new window
6.嵇若昕(1994)。Chinese Bamboo Carving。National Palace Museum Bulletin,29(3/4),14-15。  new window
7.徐汝聰。幾件館藏張希黃留青作品。上海博物館集刊,4,449-451。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.程國棟(1742)。乾隆嘉定縣志。  延伸查詢new window
2.錢詠(輯)。履園叢話。臺北:新興書局。  延伸查詢new window
3.朱家溍、王世襄(1987)。中國美術全集‧工藝美術編II‧竹木牙角器。北京:文物出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.程其班、楊震幅(1881)。嘉定縣志。  延伸查詢new window
5.鄭燮(1982)。鄭板橋集。漢京文化事業有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
6.徐珂。清稗類鈔。台北:臺灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
7.俞樾。茶香室叢鈔。台北:新興。  延伸查詢new window
8.蔣寶齡(1975)。墨林今話。臺北:學海出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.金元鈺(1983)。竹人錄。杭州古舊書店。  延伸查詢new window
10.金西厓、王世襄(1980)。竹刻藝術。北京:人民美術出版社。  延伸查詢new window
11.王世襄(1991)。竹刻。北京:人民美術出版社。  延伸查詢new window
12.國立故宮博物院--文房聚英.圖版篇。京都:同朋社。  延伸查詢new window
13.錢定一(1987)。中國民間美術藝人志。北平:人民美術出版社。  延伸查詢new window
14.Wan, Shixiang、Weng, Wan-go(1983)。Bamboo Carving of China。New York:China Institute in America, Inc.。  new window
15.陸廷燦(1735)。南村隨筆。  延伸查詢new window
16.葉義、譚志成(1987)。中國竹刻藝術。香港藝術館。  延伸查詢new window
17.(1976)。清高宗御製詩文全集(七)--御製詩四集。台北:故宮。  延伸查詢new window
18.(1914)。中國藝術家徵略。  延伸查詢new window
19.錢大昕。潛研堂文集。商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
20.馮金伯。墨香居畫識。台北:明文。  延伸查詢new window
21.徐康。前塵夢影錄。台北:藝文。  延伸查詢new window
22.李葆恂(1970)。舊學盦筆記。台北:廣文。  延伸查詢new window
23.Soame, Jenyns R.、William, Watson(1963)。Chinese Art II: the Minor Arts。New York:Universe Books, Inc.。  new window
24.Li, Chu-Tsing、Watt, James C. Y.。The Chinese Scholar's Studio。New York:The Asia Society Galleries。  new window
25.The Oriental Ceramic Society(1958)。The Arts of The Ming Dynasty。London:Charles F. Inc. & Sons, Ltd.。  new window
26.Watt, James C. Y.(1982)。Asiatic Art in the Museum of Fine Arts Boston。Boston:Museum of Fine Arts。  new window
27.McElney, Brian(1993)。Inaugural Exhibition of The Museum of East Asian Art。Bath:The Museum of East Asian Art。  new window
28.(1994)。中國文明史.清代前期。台北:地球。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(1727)。清內務府檔:養心殿造辦處各作成活計清檔。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.趙昕(1673)。竹筆尊賦。嘉定縣志。  延伸查詢new window
2.汪啟淑(1977)。續印人傳。清印人傳。香港:博雅齋。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳傳德、黃世祚(1930)。軼事。嘉定縣續志。  延伸查詢new window
4.彭澤益(1957)。內務府經營的宮內御用手工業作坊和手工工場。中國近代手工業史資料。北平:三聯。  延伸查詢new window
5.褚德彝(1983)。竹刻脞語。竹人續錄。杭州古舊書店。  延伸查詢new window
6.錢大昕。周山人傳。潛研堂文集。商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
7.葉義(1987)。中國竹刻研究。國竹刻藝術。香港藝術館。  延伸查詢new window
8.施閏章。石鹿山人傳。學餘堂文集。台北:故宮。  延伸查詢new window
9.智龕(1973)。潘西鳳的竹根印。印林掌故。香港:中山。  延伸查詢new window
10.董恥夫(1980)。揚州竹枝詞。揚州叢刻。江蘇廣陵:古籍刻印社。  延伸查詢new window
11.鄧之誠。潘西鳳刻竹。古董瑣記。台北:大立。  延伸查詢new window
12.張岱。濮仲謙雕刻。陶菴夢憶。台北:新興。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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