我國幼稚園幼兒數算策略之研究__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	我國幼稚園幼兒數算策略之研究
書刊名：	臺南師院學報
作者：	許惠欣
作者(外文)：	Hsu, Huei-hsin
出版日期：	1997
卷期：	30
頁次：	頁339-372
主題關鍵詞：	幼稚園；幼兒；數算策略
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(9) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:9 共同引用:7 點閱:41

　　　　　本研究之主旨乃在探討幼兒之數算策略的發展模式及其年齡與性別差異，以及影響幼兒數算策略改變之因素。本研究採隨機取樣方式，以臺南市三所幼稚園 120 名幼兒為受試者，男女童各半，四足歲與五足歲幼兒也各佔一半，平均年齡分別為四歲六個月與五歲六個月。本研究以許惠欣（民 84b ）所編製之「幼兒數算能力測驗」（ The Test of Counting Ability for Young Children ）為個別施測之評量差異。研究結果顯示：1. 幼兒之數算策略遵循發展的模式。手指點算、重新數算、手指加算、與方塊減算之策略（乃較低層次之數算策略）隨年齡之發展而遞減；速認、眼睛默數、往上數算、加法心算、與減法心算之策略（乃較高層次之數算策略）隨年齡之發展而遞增。 2. 幼兒進行合理性數算與加、減計算時，所運用之數算策略都有顯著的年齡差異。五歲幼兒所運用之數算策略優於四歲幼兒。 3. 幼兒只有進行加法計算時，所運用之數算策略有顯著的性別差異。男童所運用之數算策略優於女童。4. 幼兒之數算策略不因集合之表徵模式（具體、半具體、抽象、分離量、連續量）與集合之排列型式（分散、成對、撲克牌之點數、圖形、成簇排列）之不同而異。本研究也綜合研究的發現提出指導幼兒數算策略之教學指南，供幼教老師設計數算活動之參考，以提昇幼兒數算策略之發展層次。

以文找文

　　　　　The main purpose of this study was to investigate kindergarteners' counting strategies in order to see whether children's counting strategies developed in a developmental pattern, whether there were age and gender differences in counting strategies, and whether there were factors to cause children to change their counting strategies. One hundred and twenty 4- and 5-year-old subjects were randomly selected from three kindergartens in Tainan ( M=4 years and 6 months, 5 years and 6 months).Children's counting strategies, which were recorded during individual testing by means of "Test of Counting Ability for Young Children" designed by Hsu (1995b), were analyzed by use of X �� - test. The results of this study showed as follows: First, there was a developmental pattern in counting strategies. Point Counting, recounting from the first set, addition with fingers, and subtraction with cubes decreased by age; while subitizing, counting with eyes, counting on, and mental addition/subtraction increased by age. Second, there was a significant age difference in counting strategies. Five-year-old children used highr level of counting strategies than four-year -olds. Third, there were no significant gender differences in counting strategies except that boys used higher level of counting strategies than girls in addition. Fourth, children's counting strategies were pretty similar and stable no matter what kind of representational models or patterns of sets might be for rational counting, addition, and subtraction. At last, a teaching guide for directing children's counting strategies to a higher level were suggested as s reference for early childhood teachers in designing counting-related activities.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Greeno, J. G.、Riley, M. S.、Gelman, R.(1984)。Conceptual competence and children's counting。Cognitive Psychology，16(1)，94-143。
2.	許惠欣(19950600)。我國傳統與蒙特梭利教育之幼兒數學能力比較之研究。臺南師院學報，28，533-568。延伸查詢
3.	Baroody, A. J.(1987)。The development of counting strategies for single-digit addition。Journal for Research in Mathematics Education，75(2)，141-157。
4.	Atkinson, J.、Campbell, F. W.、Francis, M. R.(1976)。The magic number 4±0: A new look at visual numerosity judgments。Perception，5，327-334。
5.	Cobb, P.(1987)。An analysis of three models of early number development。Journal for Research in Mathematics Education，18(3)，163-179。
6.	Bergan, J. R.、Stone, C. A.、Feld, J. K.(1984)。Rule placement in the development of basic number skills。Journal of Educational Psychology，76(2)，289-299。
7.	Beckwith, M.、Restle, F.(1966)。Process of enumeration。Psychological Review，73，437-444。
8.	Fuson, K. C.、Secada, W. G.、Hall, J. W.(1983)。Matching, counting, and conservation of numerical equivalence。Child Development，54(1)，91-97。
9.	Frank, M. L.(1990)。What myths about math are held and conveyed by teachers?。Arithmetic Teacher，37(5)，10-12。
10.	Frank, A. R.(1989)。Counting skills: A Foundation for early mathematics。Arithmetic Teacher，37(1)，14-17。
11.	Good, R.(1979)。Children's abilities with the four basic arithmetic operations in grades k-2。School Science and Mathematics，79(2)，93-98。
12.	Ginsburg, H. P.(1980)。Children's surprising knowledge of arithmetic。Arithmetic Teacher，25(1)，42-44。
13.	Hughes, M.(1981)。Can preschool children add and subtract?。Educational Psychology，1，207-219。
14.	Saxe, G. B.(1977)。A developmental analysis of notational counting。Child Development，48，1512-1520。
15.	Newman, R. S.、Friedman, C. A.、Gockley, D. R.(1987)。Children's use of multi-plecounting skills: Adaptation to task factors。Journal of Experimental Child Psychology，44(2)，268-282。
16.	Newman, R. S.、Berger, C. F.(1984)。Children's numerical estimation: Flexibility in the use of counting。Journal of Educational Psychology，76(1)，55-64。
17.	Secada, W. G.、Fuson, K. C.、Hall, J. W.(1983)。The transition from counting-all to counting-on in addition。Journal for Research in Mathematics Education，14(1)，47-57。
18.	Saxe, G.、Kaplan, R.(1981)。Gesture in early counting: A developmental analysis。Perceptual and Motor Skills，53(3)，851-854。
19.	Saxe, G. B.(1983)。Culture, counting, and number conservation。International Journal of Psychology，18(3/4)，313-318。
20.	Saxe, G. B.(1979)。Developmental relations between notational counting and number conservation。Child Development，50(1)，180-187。
21.	van Oeffelen, M. P.、Voss, P. G.(1984)。The young child's processing of dot patterns: A chronometric and eye movement analysis。International Journal of Behavioral Development，7，53-66。
22.	van Oeffelen, M. P.、Voss, P. G.(1982)。Configurational effects on the enumeration of dots。Memory and Cognition，10，369-404。
23.	Shannon, L.(1978)。Spatial strategies in the counting of young children。Child Development，49(4)，1212-1215。
24.	Von Glaserfeld, E.(1982)。Subitizing: The role of figural patterns in the development of numerical concepts。Archives de Psychologic，50，191-218。

會議論文
1.	Baroody, A. J.、Gannon, K. E.(1983)。The use of economical mental addition strategies by young children。The Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association。
2.	Heddens, J. W.(1978)。Reaction paper to counting performance and achievement: Some preliminary observations。Thematic addresses from the Fourth National Conference on Diagnostic and Prescriptive Mathematics。

研究報告
1.	許惠欣(1995)。幼兒數算能力測驗 (計畫編號：NSC84-2413-H-024-004)。延伸查詢
2.	許惠欣(1994)。幼兒在不同敦學型態下學習數算軟體之可行性研究 (計畫編號：NSC83-03014-024-001)。延伸查詢

學位論文
1.	Chien, S.(1994)。Cognitive addition: Strategy choice in young children with normal hearing and children with hearing impairment(博士論文)。The Ohio State University。
2.	Hsu, H. H.(1987)。An integrated model for learning number concepts at the preschool level in Taiwan(博士論文)。George Peabody College for Teachers of Vanderbilt University。
3.	Hathaway, K. T.(1990)。Performance of learning disabled and nondisabled children on one-step addition and subtraction story problems(博士論文)。Columbia University Teachers College。
4.	Kaplan, R. G.(1985)。The function of gesture in the counting activities of very young children(博士論文)。City University of New York。
5.	Zhu, J.(1993)。The subitizing and counting skills of preschoolers: A direct comparison(博士論文)。The University of Texas at Austin。

圖書
1.	許惠欣(1996)。幼兒數學能力測驗（指導手冊）。臺北：心理出版社有限公司。延伸查詢
2.	許惠欣(1992)。幼兒「該」如何學習數概念？--統合模式。台南：私立光華女子高級中學。延伸查詢
3.	Barron, L.(1979)。Mathematics experiences for the early childhood years。Columbus, OH：Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company。
4.	葛樹人(1994)。心理測驗學。臺北：桂冠圖書股份有限公司。延伸查詢
5.	Ginsburg, H. P.、Baroody, A. J.(1990)。Test of Early Mathematics Ability。Austin, TX：PRO-ED。
6.	Duncan, E. R.、Cappa, L. R.、Dolciani, M. P.、Quast, W. G.、Zweng, M. J.(1972)。Modern school mathematics: Structure and use (K)。Boston, MA：Houghton Mifflin Company。
7.	Ginsburg, H. P.、Baroody, A. J.(1990)。Test of Early Mathematics Ability。Austin, TX：PRO-ED。
8.	Fuys, D. J.、Tischler, R. W.(1979)。Teaching mathematics in the elementary school。Boston, MA：Little, Brown & Company。
9.	Steffe, L. P.、von Glasersfeld, E.、Richards, J.、Cobb, P.(1983)。Children's counting types: Philosophy, theory, and application。New York, NY：Praeger Publishers。
10.	Steffe, L. P.、Cobb, P.(1988)。Construction of arithmetical meanings and strategies。New York：Springer-Verlag。
11.	Vygotsky, L. S.(1987)。The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky。New York, NY：Plenum。

其他
1.	Chien, S.(1994)。Cognitive addition: Strategy choice in young children with normal hearing and children with hearing impairment(No. 9401233)。
2.	Hsu, H. H.(1987)。An integrated model for learning number concepts at the preschool level in Taiwan(No. 8723888)。
3.	Hathaway, K. T.(1990)。Performance of learning disabled and nondisabled children on one-step addition and subtraction story problems(No. 9013546)。
4.	Kaplan, R. G.(1985)。The function of gesture in the counting activities of very young children(No. 8515639)。
5.	Zhu, J.(1993)。The subitizing and counting skills of preschoolers: A direct comparison(No. 9323603)。

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