In this article I attemp to clarify the meaning, task and goal of Max Weber's "methodology" and based on this clarification to explore his concept of Kulturwirklichkeit "methodologically." I am of the opinion that "methodology" means for Max Weber a kind of "logical investigation": not an investigation of logic (in the broadest sense) itself, but an investigation of the logical structure and logical nature of science, especially of the "historical Kulturwissenschaften," by means of the results modern logic has supplied. Since the logical nature of Kulturwissenschaften is a kind of Wirklichkeits-wissenschaft which deals with Kulturwirklichkeit (cultural reality), I first analyze some of the main features of reality in the way of Weberian methodology and then the concept of Kulturwirklichkeit. I argue that Max Weber is not a positivist. Finally, I explore the meaning of "Wertfreiheit" through an analysis of the problems grown out of the relation of cultural reality to vlaue (Wertbeziehung).