本研究目的在探討不同性別與運動類型之排球運動員與非運動員「視覺注意力分 配彈性」之差異。受試者男女各 40 名，共計 80 名，並區分為排球舉球員（ 20 名）、攻 擊手（ 20 名）與非運動員（ 40 名）。 採用 Posner （ 1980 ）盈虧分析（ cost-benefit analysis ）的實驗典範，以「球體補接與刺激偵察平行作業」為研究工具。 所得資料以事前比較獨立樣本二因子變異數分析進行統計分析，顯著水準定為.05。 在本研 究範圍內所得結果，經分析討論之後獲得以下結論：無論在垂直軸或水平軸皆呈現出排球運 動員「視覺注意力分配彈性」優於非運動員；然而在排球舉球員與攻擊手，男排球運動員的 比較上則沒有顯著差異。由此研究者推論個體「視覺注意力分配彈性」的發展主要受外在環 境因素的影響，並不受性別及運動類型因素的干擾，由於排球運動情境處處潛藏著注意力分 配彈性的訓練，在這種潛移默化的環境下，運動員此一能力很自然就能夠獲得發展。因此， 教練們在選手體能與技術精進的基礎下，有必要針對排球運動情境的特殊性擬定一套增進選 手視覺注意力分配彈性之訓練計畫，如此將有助於選手突破高原、邁向巔峰。

　　　　　The purpose of this study was to determine the varying "flexibility of visual attention distribution" of participants having different sexes and different field roles in the game. The test group is composed of 80 participants, 40 of which ard male and 40 are female. The group is classified into ball tossers in volleyball (20), strikers in volleyball (20) and non-athletes (40). Adopted the paradigm of 「cost-benefit analysis」(Posner, 1980), all participants of the group have tested with the "ball receiving and stimulus detecting parallel test" (p<.05). A two-way ANOVA with prior comparisons was used to analyze data. The conclusions are listed as follows: Volleyball players show a better flexibility of visual attention distribution compared to that of non-athletes; wherease, volleyball players of both sexes and field role classifications show the same ability. Therefore, the study concludes that environmental factors are the major influences affecting the development of individual's flexibility of visual attention distribution. Hence, the study proposes that coaches should also pay attention to the playing style used by a particular volleyball palyer at the same time that they are observing the stamina and skills exhibited by player during screening time. Furthermore, coaches should also prepare a training program for the improvement of the flexibility of their player's visual attention distribution; such training will prove to be an asset in helping players achieve peak and record-breaking performances.